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1、模拟电子电路总复习机电工程学院 肖林荣Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 总的来说就是以三极管为核心，以集成运放为 主线。 集成运放内部主要组成单元是差分输入级、电 压放大级
2、、功率放大级、偏置电路。 集成运放的两个不同工作状态：线性和非线性 应用。 模拟电路主要就是围绕集成运放的内部结构、 外部特性及应用、工作电源产生、信号源产生 等展开。模拟电路知识体系Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 200
3、4-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.1.放大倍数(增益)表征放大器的放大能力根据放大电路输入信号的条件和对输出信号的 要求，放大器可分为四种类型，所以有四种放大倍 数的定义。重点是电压放大电路模型。第一章 绪论重点：重点： 放大电路的模型及主要性能指标Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright
4、2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.1. 输入电阻反应了放大电路从信号源吸取信号幅值的大小。输入电压信号， 越大， 越大。输入电流信号， 越小， 越大。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 As
5、pose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.2. 输出电阻决定放大电路带负载能力。输出电压信号时， 越小（相对 ）， 对 影响越小，输出电流信号时， 越大（相对 ）， 对 影响越小。输出电阻的计算：Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-
6、2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.集成运放引入负反馈运算电路比例运算加减运算积分运算反相同相在求解运算放大电路中经常用到叠加原理第二章 运算放大器重点：集成运放重点：集成运放及线性应用电路的分析，能够熟练运用虚断虚短 的概念分析，反相、同相、比例运算电路、加法运算电路，减法 运算电路及积分，微分电路。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with As
7、pose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.运放工作在线性区的分析方法 ：虚短（v+=v-）虚断（ii+=ii-=0）开环电压放大倍数 Aod=差摸输入电阻 Rid=输出电阻 Ro=01.理想运算放大器：2. 线性区为了扩大运放的线性区，给运放电路引入负反馈Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 C
8、lient Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.比例运算电路 （1）反相比例运算电路例1：试求理想运算放大器的输出电压和电压放大倍 数的表达式。电压增益Avf= Vo /Vi =Rf /R1反相比例运算电路根据虚断 I-= I+ 0解：I-I+根据虚短 V+ V- 0Ii = (Vi V-)/R1 Vi/R1If = (V- Vo )
9、/Rf -Vo/RfIi If Vi/R1=-Vo/Rf电压并联负反馈Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.（2）同相比例运算电路例2：试求理想运算放大器的输出电压和电压放大倍数
10、的表达 式。电压增益同相比例运算电路根据虚断 I-= I+ 0解：根据虚短 V+ V- Vi电压串联负反馈Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.电压串联负反馈 运算放大器输入端共
11、模信号较大 运算电路输入电阻很大输出与输入同相电压跟随器Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.加法电路-反相加法求和根据虚短、虚断和N点 的KCL得：若则有 （加法运算）输出再接
12、一级反相电路可得思考：多个输入的求和Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.运算电路运算关系的求解方法 在运算电路中都引入了深度负反馈，可 认为运放的净输入电压为0（即虚短）， 净
13、输入电流也为0（虚断）。以“虚短”和“ 虚断”为基础，利用节点电流法和叠加原 理（适于多个输入信号的情况）即可求 得输出与输入的运算关系。习题2.3.2；2.4.8Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Asp
14、ose Pty Ltd.第三章 二极管及其基本电路重点：二极管的单向导电性重点：二极管的单向导电性及应用电路的分析如果外加电压使PN结中：P区的电位高于N区的电位，称为加正向电压，简称正偏； PN结具有单向导电性：若外加电压使电流从P区流到N区， PN结呈低阻性，所以电流大；反之是高阻性，电流小。P区的电位低于N区的电位，称为加反向电压，简称反偏。 正偏导通，反偏工作在截止状态Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with A
15、spose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.半导体二极管的伏安特性曲线式中IS 为反向饱和电流，VD 为二极管两端的 电压降，VT =kT/q 称为温度的电压当量，k为玻 耳兹曼常数，q 为电子电荷量，T 为热力学温度 。对于室温（相当T=300 K），则有VT=26 mV。第一象限的是正 向伏安特性曲线， 第三象限的是反向 伏安特性曲线。Evaluation only.Evaluation only
16、. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.图 稳压二极管的伏安特性 (a)符号 (b) 伏安特性 (c)应用电路(b)(c)(a)图示Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client P
