《市公开课《一、钠的重要化合物》》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《市公开课《一、钠的重要化合物》（24页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、必修必修1 1第三章第二节几种重要的金属化合物第三章第二节几种重要的金属化合物桂林市第四中学 覃焕琼Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.当发生火灾时， 我们一般用哪些 物质灭火
2、呢？水、二氧化碳等 【火灾】Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.吹气滴水小魔术Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Asp
3、ose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.滴水生火魔术之谜在哪里？Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created wit
4、h Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.一、钠的重要化合物 1、过氧化钠步骤现象结论1、把两滴管水滴入盛 有过氧化钠的试管中2、立即把带火星的木 条放在试管口3、用手摸试管外壁4、滴入酚酞产生大量气泡木条复燃试管外壁发热溶液先变红后褪色实验探究：过氧化钠与水反应反应剧烈， 生成了O2生成碱性物质反应放热Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with
5、 Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.实验探究Na2O2的性质（1）与水反应反应方程式：2Na2O2 + 2H2O = 4NaOH + O2 -10-2Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slide
6、s for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.吹气生火魔术之谜在哪里？Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.
7、Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.(3)Na2O2的用途供氧剂潜水艇呼吸面具Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyr
8、ight 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.物质质 名称过过氧化钠钠氧化钠钠化学式Na2O2氧元素 化合价-1颜颜色、 状态态淡黄色固体与水 反应应2Na2O2+2H2O=4NaOH+O2与CO2 反应应2Na2O2+2CO2=2Na2CO3+O2用途供氧剂Na2O白色固体-2Na2O+H2O=2NaOHNa2O+CO2=Na2CO3比较学习:过氧化钠和氧化钠Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Cli
9、ent Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.【新兴饮料苏打水 】【资料】天然苏打水除含有碳酸氢钠外，还 含有多种微量元素，pH值呈弱碱性，因此是 上好的饮品。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5
10、.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.2、碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠【回忆与观察】化学式俗名色态苏打小苏打细小白色晶体白色粉末Na2CO3NaHCO3（1）物理性质纯碱Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Cre
11、ated with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.【科学探究】 Na2CO3、NaHCO3的溶解性和酸碱性步骤Na2CO3NaHCO3加几滴 H2O, 用手摸 试管 底部加10mlH2O加2滴酚酞结论部分溶解振荡后溶解溶液变红（较浅 ）溶液变红（较深）加水结块变成 晶体并放热加水部分溶解 并吸热（2）溶解性和酸碱性加水部分溶解，溶液碱性较弱 加水变成含结晶水的 晶体，溶液碱性较强Eva
12、luation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.（3）与盐酸反应物质Na2CO3NaHCO3现象化学 方程式离子 方程式产生无色气体（较慢 ）产生无色气体（较快 ） Na2CO32HCl2NaC
13、l +H2OCO2 NaHCO3+HClNaCl+H2O+CO2 CO32 2HH2O CO 2 HCO3+H H2O+CO2 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.（4）热稳定
14、性【科学探究】 Na2CO3、NaHCO3的热稳定性Na2CO3溶液Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.物质现象化学方程式结论Na2CO3NaHCO3【科学探究】 Na2CO3
15、、NaHCO3的热稳定性澄清石 灰水无 变化澄清石 灰水变 浑浊受热不分解受热 易分解2NaHCO3= Na2CO3 +H2O + CO2Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.如
16、何才能除去Na2CO3固体中 混有的NaHCO3杂质？Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.物质名称碳酸钠钠碳酸氢钠氢钠化学式俗名色、态态溶解性酸碱性与盐盐酸 反应应离子 方程式热稳热稳 定性苏打、纯碱小苏打 白色粉末细小白色晶体 Na2CO3 NaHCO3 水中易溶水中易溶 碱性碱性 CO32- + 2H += H2O + CO2HCO3 - + H += H2O + CO2稳定 受热易分解 2NaHCO3= Na2CO3 +H2O + CO2小课堂结Evaluation only.Evaluati
