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1、A Proposal倡议书倡议书的定义倡议书是围绕一个主题，向某个特殊的 群体发出与之相关的建议，或提倡开展 某项有意义的活动、或推行某种行之有 效的作法。具有鲜明的号召性。倡议书 中所倡导进行的活动应具有其广泛性和 推广意义。倡议书的特点 1. 在形式上，作为一种特殊的书信形式， 属于公开信的一种，所以它类似于普通 书信，也具有称呼语（接受倡议者）和 署名（发出倡议者）。 2. 在内容上，由于倡议书的目的是让人们 形成一种认识或规范，所以它具有规劝 性和目的性，语言也比较正式。 3. 在结构上，由于有时向对方发出的倡议 内容不止一个，有时为了阐述一个倡议 内容的多个理由，所以它的结构必须通
2、过列举的方式体现出来，从而具有条理 性。倡议书的内容 1. 标题：一般而言，倡议书都具有醒目的标题 ， 标题的内容主要是表明文章针对的对象 ，而不涉及主题。常见的格式是：A Letter to / A Letter about 等。 2. 称呼：由于倡议书不是针对某个具体的对象 ，所以其称呼比较笼统。但是，为了体现倡议 书的正式性，一般都是以Dear/All的形 式出现。 3. 正文引入句：为了直接引起读者的注意，作 者一般要用一到两句话开门见山地点明倡议书 的主题，并且表明自己的观点。倡议书的内容 4. 正文主体句：就是表明作者提倡的内容和原 因，由于这部分内容较多，所以作者应该有序 地逐一
3、表明相应的内容，常见的表示序列的引 导词有：first, second; for one thingfor another; onethe other等。 5. 正文结束句：为了强调倡议的内容，作者必 须再次重申倡议书的主题，并且发出大家一起 行动的号召。通常的做法是运用祈使句 Lets表达相应的意思，具有震撼力。 6. 署名：直接表明倡议者的名字，不一定非要 使用类似于Yours sincerely的署名方式。不 过，作者在署名之后要点名自己的工作或学习 地点。倡议书的正文结构 1. 引入句（Introduction）：发出倡 议的根据、原因和目的。 a. statement of the
4、problemb. how serious is the problemc. solution-in brief, what solution do you propose?2. 主体句（Body）：所倡议的具体内 容和要求。 a. What do you want done?b. How should it be done?c. What things or people are needed?d. When? How much will it cost?3. 结束句（Conclusion）：要表示倡议者的决心和希望 a. benefitsHow will the proposal help
5、 the person reading the letterb. a call to actionwhat do you want the reader to doc. 呼吁句/感叹句/展望句倡议书的写作技巧 1. 结尾处要写上发倡议者的姓名和发出倡议 的日期，通常写在右下角； 2. 写倡议书时，尽量使用具有鼓动性和感召 力的语言，如名人名言、格言、警句、以 及对偶、排比等句式，以提高语言的表达 效果。例如，在倡议书的结尾使用下列句 子就可起到很好的效果。 “Believe yourself and you can manage it! Stick to it, and your dream
6、will come true!” “Dear friends, come on! If you think you can, you can!” “Please start from now on! You never know what you can do until you try!”As chairman of the University Students Union, I have no reason not to mention different kinds of pollutions we human beings are faced with. Without doubt,
7、 environmental pollution threatens the survival of human beings, plants and animals. It is urgent that some strong measures should be adopted to solve the problem. Introduction of the topic，the seriousness, and the proposalSince we are dependent on the natural environment, we should be involved in f
8、inding a solution to its problem. We advocate that certain measures should be taken as soon as possible even though it may take a decade or more to improve the environmental quality, even though it may spend a lot of money to clean environment, even though we may cost much energy to protect environm
9、ent. In the first place, every one of us should keep the awareness of environmental protection in mind. In the second place, we in towns and cities must do our best to stop pollution. For example, we should stop draining waste liquids into rivers, lakes and seas before they are totally treated and p
10、urified. measures / difficultiesIn order that remarkable results will be achieved in this respect, here is a precious opportunity to volunteer in our joint efforts in environmental protection. Right next Saturday, our university is to run a publicity campaign to advocate environmental protection acr
11、oss the city. The University Students Union will be in charge of recruitment of volunteers. Lets join forces and act now to make our world a better place. foreseeable results/ an appeal【练习】报纸上曾出现过一条重要新闻：全国塑料 袋有偿使用(pay for plastic bags)。报道中说是 国务院办公厅(general office of the State Council)发出的通知，商场、超市和农贸市
12、场等 商家将不允许提供免费的塑料袋。请你帮助小区 居委会(Community Resident Committee)拟订份 倡议书，包含以下内容：1. 倡议的目的；2. 倡议的具体内容和建议。参考词汇：re-usable shopping bags可重复使用的购物袋 degrade v. 降解degradable adj. 可降解的As has been announced by the office of the State Council, plastic shopping bags will not be provided free in supermarkets and other s
13、hops since June 1st. We will be blessed with a better world free from white pollution from now on. As a plastic bag user myself, I can understand your troubles without plastic bags. But we all know that one single plastic bag will take years to be degraded, which in the meantime, will do a lot of ha
14、rm to our environment. In addition, plastic bags are poisonous to some extent. In order to make our environment cleaner and healthier, lets answer our governments appeal and take action with a positive attitude. Our community residential committee has worked out several plans. First, we can substitu
15、te cotton bags and other re-usable bags for those plastic ones. Second, be encouraged to donate used clothes, and in return, cotton shopping bags will be provided for free. Last but not the least, tell your parents, children and friends the importance of using degradable shopping bags. If everyone has formed the new good habit, the societys awareness of environmental protection will be raised considerably. Lets join our hands in fighting against white pollution and make our community a better place to live. We believe that your contribution can make a difference.
