《人的基本需求得到满足后才会追求更上一层的需求(meta》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人的基本需求得到满足后才会追求更上一层的需求(meta（9页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Humanistic Psychology2007.04.03THEORY IN HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP WORK COUNSELLING THE PERSON-CENTRED APPROACH GESTALT THERAPY TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS BODY WORK BODY WORK PRIMAL INTEGRATION TRANSPERSONAL PSYCHOLOGY ENCOUNTER FAMILY THERAPY OR COUNSELLINGHUMANISTIC EDUCATION HUMANIST
2、IC MANAGEMENT INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP WORK Awareness of the body Taking responsibility. The here and now. Feelings. Risk taking. “. Listening. Bridging distances. Distress. Support and confrontation. Avoidance. The saver Humanistic psychology includes several approaches to counseling and therapy. Among
3、 the earliest approaches we find the developmental theory of Abraham MaslowAbraham Maslow, emphazising a hierarchy of needs and motivations; the existential psychology of Rollo MayRollo May acknowledging human choice and the tragic aspects of human existence; and the person- centered or client-cente
4、red therapy of Carl RogersCarl Rogers, which is centered around the clients capacity for self-direction and understanding of his/her own development (Clay, 2002).Humanistic psychologyHumanistic psychologyAbraham MaslowAbraham MaslowRollo MayRollo MayCarl RogersCarl RogersAbraham Maslow, emphazising
5、a hierarchy of needs and motivations; the existential psychology 人的基本需求得到滿足 後才會追求更上一層的 需求(meta needs). 成長需求包括:認知上及 藝術上的驅力;因此成為 全人則必須發揮意志力 及努力及做出犧牲. 因此，知能、藝術化至 真、善、美至自我實現 全人MaslowMaslow hierarchy of needs Whole Person 生理 需 求安全 需求愛 歸屬 感的 需求自尊 的 需求衍生 需求 自我 實現自我實現的驅力自我實現 審美 知讚自尊需求 能力、認可、尊重歸居感與受的需求 歸享感、接納、情感安全需求生理需求是一種過程而非一種狀態 也就是自我探討與發展; 以及自我的成就.人本取向的醫療涵意 人本主義的醫療，則是以病人為中心的溝 通方式，由醫療人員/研究人員/諮商員及 互動分析醫療歷程；強調在於病人心理， 以初層次同理心的了解-(個體情感上的成 熟、以及自我概念等部分) 醫療者是必須表現審慎態度對病人，而具 有同理心，經由溝通，促使病人重視其內 在需求，經由敍說歷程，再一次對自我以 及個人的思考發展出正面的抉擇輿確認。
