《科技论文英文摘要写作》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《科技论文英文摘要写作（25页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Writing English Abstracts科技论文英文摘要写作一、科技论文英文摘要的文体特征分析科技英语用于对客观事物和规律的描述 、概括和论证，科学性、客观性和公正性 是其内在的要求，所以科技文体形成了自 身有别于其它文体的特征。 (一) 词汇的文体特征：科技工作者对客观事物、现象和规律进行描述和论 证时，必须做到概念明确、判断恰当、推理周密、论 证严密。这就要求表义明确单一，排斥使用感情色彩 浓郁、文化内涵丰富和词义可此可彼、模棱两可、隐 晦不明等词语。如：maybe, perhaps, would like to, guess.(二) 语法和句法的文体特征摘要是一种语言精炼、概括
2、原文主题内容 的媒介，现已成为检索科技文献的有效手段。 1. 时态的用法科技论文英文摘要通常使用一般现在时、 现在完成时、一般过去时或情态动词，偶尔也 使用一般将来时。 (1) 研究的背景、目的和范围：常用现在时;(2) 研究的方法、手段或步骤：常用过去时、现 在时或现在完成时; (3) 研究的结果：常用过去时; (4) 研究得出的主要结论：常用现在时。 2. 被动语态的应用科技论文英文摘要另一显著特征是被动态的 大量运用。摘要是科技工作者对所从事的科研 活动客观的、浓缩的表述，强调或突出的是客 观的科学事实、现象和过程而不是行为动作的 执行者，因此被动语态成为追求叙述客观和规 范性的一个重要
3、手段。例：Location of Buried Optical Service Cables via the EM-Wave Remotely Modulated Optical Signal in the FiberAbstract This paper presents the first results and theoretical examination of a method to locate the position of buried optical cables. A traveling EM-wave (RF), generated from above ground,
4、modulates the state of polarization of the light guided by the fiber to be located.The magnitude and phase of this modulation are detected at the end of the fiber route and the results relayed to the operator. By observing the amplitude of this modulation the lateral position of the buried optical c
5、able can be determined. We have demonstrated 18dB signal/noise ratio, at a buried depth of 1.5m, in wet clay soil, using a radiated RF power of 38W at 144 MHz. lateral 横跨RFID-based information system for preventing medical errors Abstract: A report by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academ
6、y of Sciences estimates that as many as 98,000 people die in U.S. hospitals each year because of medical errors. In this project, we propose an innovative IT- based approach to prevent errors in various medical processes by utilizing advances in radio frequency identification (RFID) and wireless com
7、munications.The goal of this work is to perform an in- depth study of existing RFID technologies for patient care in medical facilities. In the paper, a new system architecture that integrates various wireless technologies such as RFID and Wi-Fi was proposed. In the pilot study, we primarily focused
8、 on the limitations and shortcomings of passive RFID technologies in medical settings. Our experimental results show the reliability challenge in the current passive EPC Gen 2 RFID systems for use in a dynamic medical environment.二、科技论文英文摘要的写作范式(一) 英文标题的写作特点标题是一种超浓缩的语言表达形式，是对论文 主旨而非具体内容的高度概括，所以标题一般不
9、 用完整的句子，而多用名词、名词词组、动名词 、介词短语来表达。如名词性标题：An Investigation on UWB-MIMO Communication Systems Based on an Experimental Channel CharacterizationInvestigation On Optical Properties of Rare- earth Doped Fibers. Local Connectivity Solution over Bluetooth and Wi-Fi(二) 英文摘要的写作模式通常涉及主题句、拓展句和结论句三部分, 涵盖了研究的背景、目的
10、和范围，研究的方 法、手段或步骤，研究的结果，研究得出的 主要结论或建议四个方面。An Investigation on Wireless Communication and Power Supply Through Metal Tank WallsAbstract: Passive wireless sensors, i.e. sensors that do neither require wires nor external power supply/batteries, are attractive for many measurement problems. Standard appr
11、oaches based on Radio Frequency Identification Technology usually have difficulties when fairly conductive matter such as steel or large amount of water is in the vicinity of the devices.This paper investigates methods for power and data transmission even through metal walls, e.g. of a tank or a pip
12、e using Super Low Frequency carrier signals. The feasibility is demonstrated by means of Finite Element Analysis and laboratory experiments and validated with a prototype setup for both a steel pipe and a tin container.常用的动词：study, investigate, examine, observe, clarify, elucidate, confirm, infer, d
13、iscover, deduce, presume, suppose, propose, concern, consider; perform, carry out, realize, achieve, attain, obtain, bring (come) into effect reveal, show, demonstrate, exhibit, illustrate, manifest, indicate, suggest, imply.it is inferred that the channel consists of two dominant components: a LOS
14、signal and a strong reflection off of the roadway. A study was carried out to investigate the effect of information and communication Voice communication was attained with overlapping WLAN hotspots and wired or wireless VoIP phones. 主题句的常用句型或表达方法 主题句多用于介绍论文涉及的研究课题和领域 ，提供研究背景信息或陈述研究目的。 常见的句型或表达方式： (1
15、) Previous research has shown that ; (2) It has been shown that ; (3) The principle of is outlined ; (4) The apparatus for is described ;(5) An account of is given ; (6) The method of is addressed ; (7) The mechanism of is examined ; (8) The model of was established; ( 9) An analysis of was carried
16、out ; (10) The purpose of the present study is to ; (11) The aim of our research is/was to ; (12) The objective of this investigation is to ; (13) This paper is intended to ;(14) This paper is to ; (15) The author(s) made this study in order to find out/ ; ( 16) With the aim of ; (17) This paper deals with ; (18) Based on , is described discussed /presented / analyzed /dealt with in this pap
