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1、 代 词I. 代词的分类n人称代词 I , you ，she ，him n 疑问代词 who whom whatn物主代词 my 、your、hers n 关系代词 which 、that、whon反身代词 myself、yourselves n连接代词 who、which、whatn相互代词 each other、one another n不定代词 one、each、another、neithern指示代词 this、that、those、these II. 人称代词的用法n1) 作主语，用主格。作宾语用宾格。 She teaches us English.n2)在句中作表语，常用宾格。Wh
2、o is it? Its me. 但有时用主格。 If I were she, I wouldt go there. It was I who told him about it.n3)并列人称代词的顺序。单数：2,3.1. 复数：1,2,3III.反身代词n1)作宾语。I teach myself mathematics. She is looking at herself in the mirror.n2) 作介词的宾语。a. 表示“对比”，“自己”She loves me for myself, not for my money.b.）介词oneself 的常见用语。to oneself
3、(对自己），for oneself（亲自，独自； 为了自己），of oneself（自己的） ，between oneselves（秘密地）， in oneself（本来, 本身） ， by oneself（单独地，独立地） n3)作同位语，起强调作用。 You yourself told me the story.Exercise onen1.Yours is not a bad idea _.n2. Laura is not quite _ today.n3. I have the room _ .n4. You can call on me. I am _ today.n5. What
4、I said just now is only _.n6. If you dont believe me, you can go and see _.n7. I dont know when the door closed _.IV. 指示代词的用法n1).时空的差别 eg. There is this seat here,near me,or there is that one in the fourth row. Which will you have,this or that？n2). This 和 that 在行文叙述上的差别。 Eg.I shall say this to you:
5、he is a poor man.He was ill. Thats why he didnt come.3).that 和 those 用于表比较的结构。The weather of Beijing is just as good as that of Tianjin.TV sets made in Nanjing are better than those made here.4). 打电话时this 表示我,that表示你.一些重要的一些重要的 不定代词的用法不定代词的用法不定代词有不定代词有both, both, either, either, neither, neither, on
6、e, one, the the other, other, another, another, little, little, few, few, some, some, any, any, each, each, every, every, no, no, nonenone等，从实际应用和理等，从实际应用和理 解出发，重点学习以下几个：解出发，重点学习以下几个：( (一一) both, either, neither) both, either, neither( (二二) one, another, the other) one, another, the other( (三三) litt
7、le, a little, few, a few ) little, a little, few, a few ( (四四) some / any, no / none, each / every, ) some / any, no / none, each / every, many / much many / much 不定代词词含义义数量 关系作定语时语时 名词词的数作主语时语时 动词动词 的数both两者都=2复数复数either两者中的任何 一个=2单单数单单数neither两者都不=2单单数单单数all三者或三者以 上都3单单数或复 数单单数或复 数none三者或三者以 上都不3单
8、单数或复 数each每一个2单单数单单数every每一个3单单数单单数both, either, neitherboth, either, neitherboth为“两者都”，neither为“两者都不”，either为“两者之一”。这三个单词都用于指两个人或物，在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。 作主语：作主语： 1) Both (of them) enjoyed the rice. 他们两人喜欢吃米饭。 2) Neither (of us) is a doctor. 我们俩都不是医生。 3) Either (of you) will go. 随你们哪个去都可以。注意：作主语时，注意：作主语时，b
9、othboth后面的谓语动词用复数。后面的谓语动词用复数。neither, neither, eithereither后后面的谓语动词一般用单数形式。面的谓语动词一般用单数形式。 作定语：作定语： 1) Both Zhang Huas father and mother worker work in a hospital, but neither one is a doctor. 张华的父母亲在一所医院工作，但都不是医生。 2) You may take either apple. 两个苹果任你拿一个。作宾语：作宾语：1) I like both of the toys very much.
10、我非常喜欢这两件玩具。2) The boy could find neither of them and went away. 这男孩找不到他们俩就走开了。both both 还可作同位语还可作同位语，它们句中的位置是在动词be，助动词或情态动词的后面，但在实义动词前面。1) They are both in good health. 他们两人身体都很好。2) They will both go there. 他们两人都收到那儿去。3) They both agreed to take part in the birthday party. 他们两人都答应参加生日晚会。此外，either 可作
11、副词用于否定句，表示 “也”，相当于肯定句 中的 “too”。This is not mine. That is not, either. 这不是我的，那也不是。neither 表示“也不”的时候，常用在倒装的结构形式中：I dont like to play football. Neither does he. 我不喜欢踢足球，他也不喜欢。She hasnt got a bike. Neither have I. 他没自行车，我也没有。 注意，注意，both both 和和 and, and, either either 和和 or, or, neither neither 和和 nor n
12、or 可构成连词。表可构成连词。表 示示“ “和和两个都两个都” ”，连接主语时谓语动词是复数；，连接主语时谓语动词是复数；“ “不是不是就是就是” ” ；“ “或或或或” ”，“ “既不既不也不也不” ”；“ “都不都不” ” 连接两个并列主语时连接两个并列主语时谓语动词的数一般应与靠近谓语动词的主语保持一致，如：谓语动词的数一般应与靠近谓语动词的主语保持一致，如：1) Both Zhang and Wang are good students. 张、王都是好学生。2) Either you or he is right. 不是你就是他对的。3) Neither he nor i am a
13、scientist. 他和我都不是科学家。 one, another, the otherone, another, the other1. one 常用来作代词，替代前文所出现的可数名词，表示人或物，以避免重复。例如：I havent got a ball pen. Ill have to buy one. (= a ball pen) 我没圆珠笔，我得去买一支。He is one to think more of others. 他是个能多为别人着想的人。 2. the other, another 都可解释为 “另一个”。other 加上定冠词用于 两者中的另一个，another 指三者
14、以上中的另一个。例如：He was two brothers. One is a doctor, the other is a teacher.Weve received two parcels, one from my uncle, the other from my aunt.I dont like this one, show me another, please.Ive just bought three things. One is a walkman, another is a pocket calculator, the third is a video game.3. anot
15、her 还有 “再” 的意思，例如：Have another cup of coffee, please. 再喝一杯咖啡吧！She could have to stay here for another week. 他将在这里再待一个 星期。 4. other 有 “另外” 的含义。例如：Where are the other students? 其他学生在哪里？The boy is much cleverer than the other two. 这孩子比另两个更聪 明。 5. others 和 the others 表示复数的泛指和特指。例如：In the park some are playing games. Others are walking near the river.I have five colour pencils. One is red, another is blue and the others are green. 6. the rest 也可作 “其余的” 解释。它用
