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1、Abnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach, 4th Edition, David H. Barlow Chapter 10: Sexual and Gender Identity DisordersChapter 10Sexual and Gender Identity DisordersAbnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach, 4th Edition, David H. Barlow Chapter 10: Sexual and Gender Identity DisordersSexual a
2、nd Gender Identity Disorders: An Overview What Is “Normal” vs. “Abnormal” Sexual Behavior? Normative facts and statistics Cultural considerations Gender differences in sexual behavior and attitudes Development of Sexual Orientation Complex interaction of bio-psycho-social influences The example of h
3、omosexuality DSM-IV-TR Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders Gender identity disorder Sexual dysfunctions ParaphiliasAbnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach, 4th Edition, David H. Barlow Chapter 10: Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders The Nature of Gender Identity Disorder Clinical Overview Per
4、son feels trapped in the body of the wrong sex Assume identity of the desired sex The goal is not sexual Causes are Unclear Gender identity develops early 18 and 36 months/age Sex-Reassignment Surgery Who is a candidate? Basic prerequisites before surgery 75% report satisfaction with new identity Ad
5、justment is better for Female-to-male conversions Psychosocial Treatment of Gender Identity Disorder Realign psychological gender with biological sex Few Large Scale StudiesAbnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach, 4th Edition, David H. Barlow Chapter 10: Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders Sex
6、ual Dysfunctions: An Overview Sexual Dysfunctions Affect desire, arousal, and/or orgasm Pain associated with sex can lead to additional dysfunction Males and Females Experience parallel versions of most sexual dysfunctions Affects about 43% of all females and 31% of males Most prevalent class of dis
7、order in the United States Classification of Sexual Dysfunctions Lifelong vs. acquired Generalized vs. specific Psychological factors alone Psychological factors combined with medical conditionsAbnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach, 4th Edition, David H. Barlow Chapter 10: Sexual and Gender I
8、dentity DisordersFigure 10.3 The human sexual response cycle.Abnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach, 4th Edition, David H. Barlow Chapter 10: Sexual and Gender Identity DisordersSexual Desire Disorders: An Overview Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder Little or no interest in any type of sexual a
9、ctivity Masturbation, sexual fantasies, and intercourse are rare Accounts for half of all complaints at sexuality clinics Affects 22% of women and 5% of men Sexual Aversion Disorder Little interest in sex Physical / sexual contact Extreme fear, panic, disgust 10% of males report panic attacks during
10、 sexual activityAbnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach, 4th Edition, David H. Barlow Chapter 10: Sexual and Gender Identity DisordersSexual Arousal Disorders: An Overview Male Erectile Disorder Difficulty achieving and maintaining an erection Female Sexual Arousal Disorder Difficulty achieving
11、 and maintaining adequate lubrication Associated Features of Sexual Arousal Disorders Problem is arousal, not desire Affects about 5% of males, 14% of females Males are more troubled by the problem than females Erectile problems are the main reason males seek help Abnormal Psychology: An Integrative
12、 Approach, 4th Edition, David H. Barlow Chapter 10: Sexual and Gender Identity DisordersOrgasm Disorders: An Overview Inhibited Orgasm: Female and Male Orgasmic Disorder Have adequate desire and arousal Unable to achieve orgasm Rare condition in adult males Most common complaint of adult females 25%
13、 of adult females report difficulty reaching orgasm 50% of adult females report experiencing regular orgasms Premature Ejaculation Ejaculation before the man or partner wishes it to 21% of all adult males meet diagnostic criteria Most prevalent sexual dysfunction in adult males Common in younger, in
14、experienced males Problem declines with ageAbnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach, 4th Edition, David H. Barlow Chapter 10: Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders Defining Feature Marked pain during intercourse Dyspareunia Extreme pain during intercourse Adequate sexual desire, arousal, and abil
15、ity to attain orgasm Must rule out medical reasons for pain Affects 1% to 5% of men and about 10% to 15% of womenSexual Pain Disorders: An OverviewAbnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach, 4th Edition, David H. Barlow Chapter 10: Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders Vaginismus Limited to females
16、 Outer third of the vagina undergoes involuntary spasms Complaints include feeling of ripping, burning, or tearing Affects over 5% of women seeking treatment in the U.S. Prevalence rates are higher in more conservative groupsSexual Pain Disorders: An Overview (cont.)Abnormal Psychology: An Integrativ
