《虚拟语气复习与练习》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《虚拟语气复习与练习（45页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 虚拟语拟语 气 1） 概念 虚拟语拟语 气用来表示说话说话 人的主观观愿望或假想 ，所说说的是一个条件，不一定是事实实，或与事实实 相反。一、在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件 句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句 表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况 ，故采用虚拟语气。在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中,表示与事实相 反的条件和结果。1) 与现在事实相反：If 主语 , 主语 +V原 2)与过去事实相反：If 主语 ,主语 +have V-ed 3)与将来事实相反：If 主语 , 主语 +V原were V-edshould (would could, might)should (
2、would could, might)should were toshould (would could, might)had V-ed虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点： 1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句 所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件 虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照 假设的时间而顶。If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.2.假设条件虚
3、拟倒装。 条件从句中有should ， were， had三个助动词可以把if省略，并 将这三个词提至句首。If I were you, I would give it up.Were I you, I would give it up.If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.Were it not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.If I had had time, I would have run
4、round that lake again.Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.If there should be a flood, what should we do?Should there be a flood, what should we do?注意：在虚拟语拟语 气的从句中，动词动词 be的过过去时态时态 一般用 “were“，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。 If I were you, I would go to look for him.如果我是你，就会去找他。 If he were he
5、re, everything would be all right. 如果他在这这儿，一切都会好的。 典型例题题_ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were IB. I were C. Were I D. Was I在虚拟拟条件状语语中如果有were, should, had这这三个词词主语语提前, 变变 成 were, should, had +主语语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟拟条件状语语从 句中，省略连词连词 的倒装形式的句首不能用动词动词 的缩缩略形式。如我 们们可说说 Were I not to do., 而不能说
6、说 Werent I to do.1. Had you listened to the doctor, you _ all right now.A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been 2. _ any change about the date, please tell me immediately.A. Will there be B. Should there be C. There will be D. There should be 3. _ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would h
7、e leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leave4. Should it rain, the crops _ . A. would be saved B. would have been saved C. will be saved D. had been saved 5. You _ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago.A.would B. should have C. may D. have 6. What should we do if it _ tomorrow?A. s
8、hould snow B. would snow C. snow D. will snow7. You _ such a serious mistake at present if you had followed his advice.A. may not make B. might not makeC. shouldnt have made D. might not have made 8. If it were not for the fact that you _ ill, I would ask you to do this right now.A. were B. had been
9、 C. are D. should be1) 如果你没有开着窗户睡觉的话,你就不会 感冒了。2) 要不是明天有测验我今天晚上就去听音 乐会。3) 如果他在这儿的话，他会帮我们的。If you had not slept with the window open, you would not have caught a cold.If I were not to have a test, I would go to the concert tonight.If he were here, he should help us.1.We use mixed conditionals when the
10、 main clause and the if-clause are about differenttenses.Eg. If you had come and attended the meeting yesterday, you would know what we are doingnow. If you had followed my advice, you would not be in trouble now.Answers A (1) had not studied(3) had studied(5) knew(7) could helpPart A(2) would not b
11、e (4) would have (6) would be (8) would not be 2.use otherwise, or and phrases beginning with with, without and but for to replace an if- clause in implied conditionals Without air , there would be no living things. But for your help , I couldnt have done it. I was busy that day. Otherwise I would h
12、ave gone there with them.(If I hadnt been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.) I would have finished the work, but I have been ill. (If I hadnt been ill, I would have finished the work.)(If there were not air) (If it hadnt been for your help)3.In adverbial clauses introduced by even if
13、, as if, as though and if only we can use unreal conditionals.即使生了病，他也去办公室。 Even if he had been ill, he would have gone t his office. 他那样对 待我，好像我是陌生人似的。 He treated me as if I were a stranger. 她谈论 那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. Answers (1) Without (3) otherwis
14、e/or (5)With (7) even if (9) If onlyPart B(2) otherwise/or (4) wish (6) Without (8) without (10) as if二、虚拟语气特殊句型：1.wish/if only 现在：过去：未来：did（were）had donewould do （1）I wish I were a bird.（现在）（2）I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.（ 过去）（3）We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. （将来）I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样样高。He wished he hadnt said that. 他希望他没讲讲那样样 的话话。I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明下雨就好 了。 2）wish to do表达法。wish sb / sth to doI wish to see the manager.= I want to see the manager.I wish the manager to be informed at once. = I want the manager to be informed at once.If on
