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1、Subject-verb agreement主谓一致XiangshuiXiangshui Vocational School Vocational SchoolGrammar教学目标： 知识目标：1.掌握主谓一致的概念。2.掌握主谓一致的三个原则。 能力目标：通过判断主谓一致遵循哪个原则，培养学生的分 析判断能力。 情感目标：培养积极主动的学习心态，调整学习内驱力。1，语法一致原则，即谓语动词的单复数 由主语的单复数决定 2，意义一致原则，即主谓的一致不是主 语的语法形式来决定，而是由主语表达 的 意义决定 3，就近原则，即谓语动词的单复数取决于 最靠近它的主语 主谓一致 概念：在英语句子里，
2、谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和 主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。三原则：一 语法一致1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语 或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为 复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。 如：His father is working on the farm. To study English well is not easy. What he said is very important for us all.The children were here two hours ago. Reading in the sun is bad for your ey
3、es.注意注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词 多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句 是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词 用复数形式。 如：What I bought were three English books.1. Listening to loud music at rock concerts _caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C. has D. have答案：C 解析：根据动名词短语作主语，句子的谓 语动词用单数形式，由此排除B、D两项 ，根据主语与caused的主动关系，排除
4、A 项。例题解析Practice To play with fire near a gas station （is Are） very dangerous. 在加油站附近玩火很危 险。 Doing morning exercises （is are） good for your body. 做早操对你身体有益。 What he said at the meeting （is are） very important. 他在会上的发言很重要。isisis2. 由连接词and或both and连接起来的合 成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。 如：Lucy and Lily are The boy
5、and the girl twins. She and I are classmates.Both she and he are Young Pioneers.注意：若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物或 同一概念时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。 形式：the + n + and + n 如bread and butter，soda and water，coffee and milk，knife and fork等。The worker and writer are / is from Wuhan. 比较：The worker and the writer is / are from B
6、eijing. (请总结这两题解题思路的区别)Bread and butter is / are a daily food in the West. A knife and fork is / are needed. War and peace is / are a constant theme in history. 3. 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with， together with， except， but， like， as well as， rather than， more than， no less than， besides， including等引起的短语，谓语动词
7、仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。 （就远原则） 如：Mr. Green， together with his wife and children， has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.She， like you and Tom， is very tall. 2. Such poets as Shakespeare_widely read, of whose works，however, some_ difficult to understand. A. are；are B. is；is C
8、. are；is D. is：are答案：A 解析：主句中的主语应为poets,谓语动词用 复数，其后的非限制性定语从句的主语应 为some of whose works，谓语动词也应是 复数。故选A。例题解析1. Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterdayA. was B. were C. has been D. have been 2. A woman with some children _ soonA. is coming B. are comingC. has come D. have come 3. Everything
9、, including the clothes, _ stolen that evening.A. is B. was C. are D. wereAABPractice4. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致 。 如：There comes the bus. On the wall are many pictures. Such is the result. Such are the facts. 二、逻辑意义一致原则逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致 （因有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数 ，但意义为单数）。1. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词
10、用 单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数 形式。这些词有family, class, crowd,committee, population,audience等。 如：Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor. 注意：注意：people， police， cattle等名词一般都用作复 数。 如：The police are looking for the lost child 3.The police (was/ were) searching the house f
11、or the stolen necklace.4.That group of soldiers (has/ have) the best individual performance.5.The audience (is/ are) listening to a Beethoven symphony.werehavearePratice2 一些学科名词以-s结尾 mathematics,_,_, news, economics, mechanics等 动词用单数 e.g. 1, Economics is his major.2, No news is good news.3 时间，距离，容量，
12、长度，价值等度量名词作 主语，谓语通常用单数 e.g. 1, Twenty miles is a long distance.2, More than two years has passed since you began to study in Huiwen High School.3, Three pints isnt enough to get you drunk.physicspolitics4.以-s结尾的复数名词 1) 由两部分构成的物体名词，如trousers, earrings, jeans, glasses, scissors, pants等作主语时，谓语 用复数形式，但如
13、由a/the pair of 修饰，动词则用 单数 e.g. 1, Look, Jack, your trousers are so dirty.2, A pair of glasses is on the ground. Whose can it be? 2) 一些词以-s结尾 arms, clothes, goods, wages, stairs, suburbs，动词用复数 3)名词以-ings结尾 belongings. findings, surroundings, earnings，动词用复数1.Ten pounds (is/ are) much for all the troub
14、le we have.2.Four hours (is/are) needed to complete the outline.3.All their belongings, together with the remains of torn-up newspapers, (lie/ lies) over the carpets.4.At the bottom of the hill there (is/ are) a dangerous crossroads.5.Their earnings (come/comes) to 500 dollars a week.isislieiscomePr
15、actice三、就近一致原则在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近 的主语保持一致。1. 当两个主语由either or， neither nor， whether or ， not only but also连接时， 谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。 如：Either the teacher or the students are our friends.Neither they nor he is wholly right. Is neither he nor they wholly right？2. there be句型的be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。 如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那 个主语保持一致。 如：There are two chairs and a desk in the room.注意：注意：Here引导的句子用法同上。 如：Here is a map and a handbook for you.1. Either you or I _going to the teachers office after class.A. am B. is C. are D. will2.
