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1、 Questions:n“that” is used in indirect speech to report _.n“if / whether” are used in indirect speech to report _.n“wh-” words are used in direct speech to report _.Language Structure IThe first notice says that some students are requested to go to the Department Office before 8 October. 此句中，被转述的话语是
2、陈述句，转述动词后的 引导词为that。He asks Mr. Ford how he has been. 此句中，被转述的部分原为特殊疑问句，转述动 词后的引导词通常用疑问词。He asks Mr. Ford if he is still busy learning how to paint. 此句中，被转述的话语原为一般疑问句，转述动 词后的引导词通常为whether或if。n人称代词变化。n指示代词的变化。thisthat thesethose Tom said, “I love this suit.” Tom said that he love that suit.n动词时态变化。 （
3、1）引述动词的时态是现在时态，引述部 分变为间接引语时的时态不变。 She says, “Ill never forget the days in the country.” She says that shell never forget the days in the country.（2）引述动词的时态是过去时态，引述部 分变为间接引语时的时态“退一格”。n例如： She said, “I like singing.” - She said that she liked singing. She said, “I am waiting for a bus.” - She said she
4、 was waiting for a bus. She said, “I visited Europe last year.” - She said she had visited Europe that year before. She said, “I have never met him before.” - She said that she had never met him before. She said, “I will see you next week.” - She said that she would see me the next week.n语序变化。 直接引语是
5、疑问句，变间接引语要变为陈 述句语序。谓语动词say变为ask; say to sb.变为ask sb.。 e.g. “Is this the only size you have?” the customer asks the shop-assistant. - The customer asks the shop-assistant if / whether that is the only size they have.“What does it mean?” Mr. Ling says to his students. - Mr. Ling asks his students what
6、 it means.n时间状语变化。 nowthen todaythat day this week(month, year)that week(month, year) yesterdaythe day before last week(month, year)the week(month, year) before two days agotwo days before tomorrowthe next day next weekthe next weekn方向/趋向变化。 comego herethere n无需改变间接引语中动词时态的情况： （1）直接引语表述的是客观真理时 e.g.
7、The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.” - The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. （2）直接引语表述的是历史事件时 e.g. The teacher said, “World War II ended in 1945.” - The teacher said that World War II ended in 1945.有些问句提出询问、表示请求、劝告
8、、建议 等，要变成间接引语，要用其他形式：表 示请求、劝告通常用：ask/advise+宾语+ 不定时；表示建议通常用suggest+-ing分 词；如Would you spare me a few minutes? He asked me to spare him a few minutes. / Why dont you give the book to him? Peter suggested giving the book to him.1.He said, “I am living with my brother.“ He said that _ was living with h
9、is brother.nI nyounhe nthey2.He said, “You are sure to get a warm welcome there.“ He said that we _ sure to get a warm welcome there.nam nwasnwere nare3.She says, “Something is wrong with my bike.” She says that something is wrong with _ bike.nmy nanhis nher4.He said, “I will not do so again.” He sa
10、id that he _ not do so again.nwill nmustnwouldndo5.The teacher said, “My son had the same experience as the little boy.“ The teacher said that his son had _ the same experience as the little boy.nbeen nhavenhadndone6.She said to me, “My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday.” She told me that he
11、r mother had taken _ to an exhibition the day before.nshe nmenher nyou7.You said to me, “I saw the film two days ago.” You told me that you had seen the film _ntwo days ntwo days beforentwo days agonyesterday8.He said to his younger sister, “You may come with me.” He told his younger sister that _ w
12、ith him.nyou may come nyou might comenshe might comenshe might go9.The student said to me, “She has made a close study of the problem.” The student told me that she _ a close study of the problem.nhas make nhave madenhad makenhad made10.He said, “I live here.”He said that he lived_.nthere nherenin t
13、herenat thereExercises (Keys on the pages following the next)nTom said, “I want to visit my friends this weekend.“ nThey said, “Weve lived here for a long time.“ nHe asked me, “Have you finished reading the newspaper?“ nShe said, “I really wish I had bought that new car.“ nJack said, “He must be gui
14、lty!“ nCheryl asked her, “How long have you lived here?“ nShe asked me, “When are we going to leave?“ nPeter said, “I may bring someone with me to the party.“ nMy friend said, “I will have finished my homework by the time you arrive.“ nMark asked me, “Why do you want to study Russian?“ nMarcia said,
15、 “I have been waiting for you for over an hour.“ KeysnTom said that he wanted to visit his friends that weekend. nThey said that they had lived there for a long time.nHe asked me if / whether I had finished reading the newspaper.nShe said that she really wished she had bought that new car.nJack said that he must have been guilty. nCheryl asked her how long she had lived there. nShe asked me when we were going to leave. nPeter said that he might bring someone with him to the party.nMy friend said that he / she would have finished his / her homework by the time
