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1、 说明：形容词在中考中占总分值的8% 左右；副词在中考中占总分值的10%左右 ，尤其频度副词和否定副词在中考中更是 重点和热点。 形容词和副词通常出现在以下几种题型中 ：1、用所给词的适当形式填空；2、单项选择；3.单词拼写4、选词填空中考英语专项复习 形容词和副词用以修饰名词，表示事物的特征的词 。e.g. long, empty, cheap, hungry, 在句中作定语、表语、宾语 补足语等成分He is a good student. I have something important to tell you.当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every- 构成的不定代词
2、时,形容词要放在这些 不定代词的之后. Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper ?The trees turn green in spring. We are alone on the island.只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词 你能说出几个？alone afraid awake asleep alive able形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语We must keep the classroom clean.He made us happy. Colour it green.与表示度量、空间的词语连用时 ，形容词要放在它所修饰的词语后
3、面。如： 1）He is sixty years old. 他60岁了。 2）This classroom is about 12 meters long, 6 meters wide and 3 meters high.这一间教室大约12米长，6米宽，3米高 。当名词前有多个形容词修饰时，一般按下 列词序排列： 限定词（定冠词、指示代词、 形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词） 描述性的形容词（如：interesting, fine, beautiful, happy等） 表示大小、长短、高 低及形状的形容词（如：big/small,long/ short /tall,high/low, ro
4、und等） 表示年龄 、新旧的形容词 (如：young, old, new等) 表示颜 色的形容词（如：white, black, yellow等） 表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词 （如：American, French等） 表示物质、 材料的词（如：stone, plastic, silk, wooden 等）。 说明：不论在书面语，还是在口语 中，作定语的形容词超过三个以上时， 便会使句子显得很不自然。因此，上面 所列的排列顺序，不可能同时出现在同 一个名词短语中。 例如：a white cotton shirt 一件白棉布衬衫a new wooden bridge 一座新木桥that ta
5、ll fat young man 那个高大粗壮的年轻人形容词的构成通常有:forgetforgetful helphelpful wonderwonderful useuseful carecareful beautybeautiful thankthankful colour -colourful1、+ful2、edexciteexcited worryworried surprisesurprised closeclosed featherfeathered interestinterested frightenfrightened 3、+inginterestinteresting ex
6、citeexciting surprisesurprising followfollowingsunsunny snowsnowy windwindy rain-rainy cloudcloudy healthhealthy4、+y 所有表示天气状 况的的形容词wool-woollen wood-wooden5、+ en6、+ern (东西南北)east-eastern west-western south-southern north-northern副词在形容词的基础 上变化ly1、直接在词尾加ly 2、以辅音字母加y结尾的 变i加ly形容词有三个等级：原级；比较级；最高级。 词词 尾 变
7、变 化原级级比较较最 高 单单音节词节词 在词词尾加-er或-est 以字母e接尾的词词加-r或-sttall hard large wide以重读闭读闭 音节结节结 尾的词词末尾 只有一个辅辅音字母应应双写辅辅音 字母再加er或estbig hot thin fat wet 以辅辅音字母+y结结尾的词变为词变为 i 再加-er,或-esthappy dry earlynarrow clever 多音节词节词 和多数双音节词节词 在 其前面加more 和most difficult popular taller harder larger wider tallest hardest large
8、st widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest driest earliestnarrower cleverernarrowest cleverest more difficult more popular more slowly most difficult most popular most slowly少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音 节词可加-er或-est原级级 good well bad ill many much little far
9、old比较级较级最高级级better bestworseworstless more mostfarther/further older/elderleast farthest/furthest oldest/eldest巧记： 特殊形式比较级 共有三对二合一 坏病两多并两好 little意思不是小 一分为二有两个 一是老来二是远但有少数几个形容词无比较级和最高级。如 ：excellent, wonderful, favorite等。比较级前有时有一个表示程度的词或短语。 常见有：a little, much, a lot, still, even, some, any, far等。例如： 1
10、）My shirt is much cheaper than yours. 我的衬衫比你的便宜。 2）Lesson 3 is very difficult, but Lesson 5 is even more difficult.第3课很难，但是第5课更难。注意：在含有形容词的比较级句子 中，对两个相比较的内容为了避免重 复，我们常常用that, those来代替前 面的词。例如：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangdong.The windows of our classroom are cleaner than those
11、of theirs.Tom is as tall as Mike. as+形容词原形+asThere are as many students in our school as yours. 否定 not as+形容词原形+as “和 不一样”或 not so+形容词原形+as“不及不如 Tom is not as tall as Mike.This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons. so+ 形容词原级+that丛句such+名词that丛句 He is so big that he cant enter the room by the door . t
12、oo+原级+ to do sth.He is too young to join the army. 形容词原级+ enough to do sth. 1、两者之间的比较，句中有明显的标志词 than Tom is taller than John 2、Which/Who is + 比较级, A or B ?Which is easier, maths or English? 3、能修饰比较级的副词及短：much(的多) 、 a lot(的多)、even(更)、still（更） 、a bit/alittle(一点儿)This city is much more beautiful than t
13、hat oneToday is even hotter than yesterday.4、 is the +比较级 + of the two.Tom is the taller of the two boys. 5、数量 + 比较级 than He is three years older than his brother. 6、比较级+ and + 比较级， “越来越”Now it is hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热 7、The + 比较级，the + 比较级 “越，就越”The more , the better. 越多越好。1.one of the+最高级+名词复数
14、2.最高级+of (in)(三者及以上范围的)3.This is/ was the最高级+名词+that定语从 句Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers in China. This is the worst film that I have seen these years. Of all the movie stars, I think Zhao Wei is the best. 5.、the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词 + in/of4.Which/Who is the + 最高级,A ,B or C ?Which is the biggest
15、, the moon, the earth or the sun ?The Yellow River is the second longest river in China注意： 最高级前可以有序数词来修饰。例如 ：Which is the first most useful invention? 哪一个是第一个最有用途的发明？ 如果形容词最高级前有物主代词，指 示代词，名词所有格时，则不必加定冠 词the。例如：Yesterday was my busiest day. 昨 天是我最忙碌的一天。用来修饰动词、形容词、其 它副词、全句或名词词组及 句子的词。 e.g. very, early, out, soon, quickly, 等等.副词根据所表达的不同意义可将其 分为以下几种： 1、时间和频度副词：now, then, often, always, early, today, already, soon, ago, yesterday等. 2、地点副词：here, there, everywhere, out, in, home, upstairs, above, below, inside等. 3、方式副词：caref
