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1、主谓一致主谓一致主谓一致主谓一致是指主语与谓语动词必须在是指主语与谓语动词必须在人称和数上保持一致，即主语是复数，谓人称和数上保持一致，即主语是复数，谓 语也要用复数形式；主语是单数，谓语也语也要用复数形式；主语是单数，谓语也 要用单数形式。要用单数形式。1. 由and连接的两个并列成分如果指的是同一概念或一个人的双重身份时谓语动词用单数；如表示两个不 同的概念时，谓语动词用复数。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan. (这位工人兼 作家，指一个人的双重身份) The worker and the writer are from Beijing. (这位工
2、人和这位作家，指两个不同的概念)由and连接的指同一概念的还有： the needle and thread 针线 the fork and knife 刀叉 Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. Cathy and her daughter Linda have gone fishing. 2. everyone one each either neither of+复数名词作主语，谓语用单数 。 Each of the students has a dictionary. 延伸： Each country in the United K
3、ingdom has a capital city. Neither of us is English.Either of you is fit for the position.3 代词none常与of连用，of后为不可数名词，谓语动词 一定用单数；of后为可数名词复数，谓语动词既可用单 数也可用复数。 None of them have / has arrived yet.None of the water is left.4 由any-,some-,no-和-one,-thing,-body所构成的不定代 词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 all, some, any 等不定代词作主语，根据其
4、指代的内容而定。 All the people are present . All the food tastes good. All are present .All goes well.all单独做主语时, 指物谓语用单数，指人谓语用复数5. “half / most / part / the rest / lots / plenty / “half / most / part / the rest / lots / plenty / 分数分数 / / 百分百分 数数 + + of + of + 名词名词” ”作主语作主语,谓语动词要和 of 之后的名词单复数保持一致。 Two-third
5、s of the people are against the plan.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea.Over twenty percent of the city was destroyed in the war.Forty-five percent of the doctors were women.6. 表示时间、距离、金钱等概念的复数名词作主语时， 如果表达一个整体概念，谓语用单数；如果表达一个个体概念， 谓语用复数。 Twenty years has passed since he left
6、his hometown. 7. every and (every), each and (each) , no and (no) ,many a and (many a) 这四个结构连接两个单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。 Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake. 8. 集合名词family （家庭/家庭成员），team(队/队员)， group （组/组员）, class(班/班上的全体学生)， government(政府/政府工作人员)， crew(全体
7、船员、机组人员/个体船员、机组人员)， committee(委员会/委员们)，audience(听众、观众、读者), population(人口)等作主语时， 若看作整体谓语用单数，若看作个体成员谓语用复数 。 His family is in Harbin. His family are music lovers.Our soccer team is fantastic. 1）His family _ a small one 2）His family _ fat and short Ais，is Bare，are Cis，are Dare，is It was late, but the au
8、dience was increasing.时间很迟了，但听众人数却在增加。 The audience were all moved to tears.听众都感动得流了泪。 This class consists of 45 students. Mr. Green teaches it The class are all diligent. Mr. Green teaches them.The team is the best in the league 这个队在联赛中打得最好。 The football team are having baths 足球队队员们在洗澡。 但是并不是所有的集合名
9、词都具有以上两种用法： 1)有的集合名词(不可数）总是用作单数：clothing衣服 ，equipment 设备，jewelry 珠宝， furniture家俱， scenery 景色，poetry 诗歌等。 2) 有的集合名词总是表示复数意义(但不用复数形式)， 谓语动词总用复数：people人，police警察，cattle牛等 。9.由由oror, , eitheroreitheror, , neithernorneithernor, , not onlybut alsonot onlybut also， notbutnotbut等连接的并列主语，谓语动词等连接的并列主语，谓语动词通常与
10、第二个主 语（即临近的一个主语）保持一致，但是，在疑问句中则通常与 第一个主语（即临近的一个主语）保持一致，即就近原则就近原则。 Not only he but also I am invited. Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress. 1） You or he _ to blame你或他有一人应受责备。 2）_ you or he to blame? 受责备的是你还是他？Ais，Is Bare，Are Cis，Are D are，IsNot only I but Jane and Mary _ tired of having on
11、e examination after another. (89) A. is B. are C. am D. be10. 10. 主语后跟主语后跟 “ “with / along with / together with / with / along with / together with / including / but / except / like / as well as / besides / including / but / except / like / as well as / besides / rather than +rather than +名词名词” ”结构时
12、结构时，谓语动词和前面的主语保持 一致，即就远原则。 The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom.A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered11 不定式、动名词、主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单 数。 Collecting stamps is what he likes. Whatever was left was taken aw
13、ay. 12 单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语，谓语动词 用单数。 13 以s 结尾的表示学科、国家、机构、报刊等名称的 词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 但goods 、the Olympic Games等以s 结尾的名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。 The Olympic Games are held once every four years. 14 means, works等词，根据主语表达的概念而定。 The steel works is near the station. Two new steel works are being built. 15 a number of /quanti
14、ties of /amounts of +名词作主语 ，谓语动词总用复数。 16 “kind, sort, pair, type +of+“kind, sort, pair, type +of+名词名词” ” 作主语，以这些名 词本身的单复数而定。A pair of trousers is enough.Two pairs of trousers are enough. 17 the + adj. 作主语，如果表示一类人，谓 语动词用复数；如果表示一类物，谓语动 词用单数。18 关系代词who, that, which在定语从句中 作主语时，其谓语动词的数与先行词一致 。Who_ (be) y
15、our brother？ Who_ (be) your brothers？ What he said_ (be) quite correct What he left me _ (be) only a few old books Which _ your pencil ? Which _ your pencils ?19. 疑问代词who, what, which作主语时，谓 语动词根据说话人所表达的意思决定单复 数。isareisareisare1 I, not you, _ wrong. Not I but he _ been invited. A. were, have B. were, has C. was, has D. was, have2 When and where to build the new factory_ yet. (91)A. is not decided B. are not decidedC. has not decided D. have not decided析: when和where指的是建新工厂这同一件事，谓语动词当然用单数。 AExercises3 E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important
