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1、CHAPTER 4Foundations of Decision Making*1天马行空官方博客： http:/ ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Learning ObjectivesnDescribe the decision-making processnAnalyze the rational decision-making modelnExplain the limits of rationalitynLearn how certainty, risk, and uncertainty relate to decision makingnDiscuss t
2、he bounded-rational decision makerDate2天马行空官方博客： http:/ ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Learning ObjectivesnIdentify the two types of decision problems and the two decisions that solve themnLearn how heuristics affect decision makingnIdentify four decision-making stylesnWeigh the pros and cons of grou
3、p decisionsnLearn three ways to improve group decision makingDate3天马行空官方博客： http:/ ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632The Decision-Making ProcessIdentification of a ProblemIdentification of Decision CriteriaAllocation of Weights to CriteriaPrice Interior Comfort Durability Repair Record PerformancePrice
4、Interior Comfort Durability Repair Record Performance10 8 6 4 2I need to buy a new car.Date4天马行空官方博客： http:/ ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Development of AlternativesAnalysis of AlternativesFordJeepMazdaDodgeAudiIsuzuChevySelection of an AlternativeImplementation of the AlternativeAppraisal of Decis
5、ion ResultsPrice Comfort Durability Repair Record PerformanceThe Dodge is the best.ToyotaChevyIsuzuAudiDodgeMazdaJeepFordToyotaDate5天马行空官方博客： http:/ ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632ProblemProblem ClarityClaritySingleSingle GoalGoalKnownKnown OptionsOptionsClearClear PreferencesPreferencesConstantConst
6、ant PreferencesPreferencesNoNo ConstraintsConstraintsMaximumMaximum PayoffPayoffAssumptionsAssumptions of Rationalof Rational DecisionDecision MakingMakingDate6天马行空官方博客： http:/ ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632A Model of Bounded RationalityAscertainAscertain the Need the Need for a Decisionfor a Decisi
7、onSimplifySimplify the Problemthe ProblemSetSet “Satisfying”“Satisfying” CriteriaCriteriaIdentify aIdentify a Limited Set Limited Set of Alternativesof AlternativesCompareCompare AlternativesAlternatives Against CriteriaAgainst CriteriaExpandExpand Search forSearch for AlternativesAlternativesSelect
8、 theSelect the First “GoodFirst “Good Enough” ChoiceEnough” ChoiceA “A “SatisficingSatisficing” ” AlternativeAlternative ExistsExistsYesNoDate7天马行空官方博客： http:/ ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Escalation ofEscalation of CommitmentCommitmentRepresentativeRepresentative HeuristicHeuristicAvailabilityAvai
9、lability HeuristicHeuristicCommon Errors in Decision MakingDate8天马行空官方博客： http:/ ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632How Do Problems Differ?Well-Well- StructuredStructuredProgrammedProgrammed DecisionsDecisionsPoorlyPoorly StructuredStructuredNon-programmedNon-programmed DecisionsDecisionsDate9天马行空官方博客： h
10、ttp:/ ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632MakingMaking ProgrammedProgrammed DecisionsDecisionsSequentialSequential ProceduresProceduresSpecificSpecific RulesRulesGuidingGuiding PoliciesPoliciesDate10天马行空官方博客： http:/ ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Integrating Decision Making Well-StructuredLevel in Organiza
11、tion Programmed DecisionsTopPoorly StructuredType of ProblemLowerNon-programmed DecisionsDate11天马行空官方博客： http:/ ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632AnalyticConceptualBehavioralDirectiveRationalIntuitiveWay of ThinkingHighLowTolerance for AmbiguityDecision-Making StylesDate12天马行空官方博客： http:/ ； QQ:131824118
12、9；QQ群： 175569632Group Decision MakingnMore informationnMore alternativesnIncreased acceptancenLegitimacynTime-consumingnMinority dominationnPressures to conformnUnclear responsibilityAdvantagesDisadvantagesDate13天马行空官方博客： http:/ ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Strengths ofStrengths of IndividualsIndiv
13、idualsStrengths ofStrengths of GroupsGroupsConsistent ValuesConsistent ValuesClear AccountabilityClear AccountabilitySpeedSpeedIndividual Versus GroupIndividual Versus Group Decision MakingDecision MakingIncreased AcceptanceIncreased AcceptanceHigher Quality DecisionsHigher Quality DecisionsInput and DiversityInput and DiversityDate14天马行空官方博客： http:/ ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Group Decision MakingBrainstormingNominal Group TechniqueElectronic MeetingsDate15天马行空官方博客： http:/ ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632
