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1、写作技巧点拨系列(一)写好五种基本句型, 简单句变得更简单【句式提炼】1. (2013辽宁高考)We sit together. 主 谓 状句子结构：主语+谓语2. (2013陕西高考)I could see satisfaction in her eyes. 主 谓 宾 状句子结构：主语+谓语+宾语3. (2013江苏高考)Instead of shouting empty slogans,状it is more meaningful to donate books and形式主语 系动词 表语sports goods to children in need. 真正主语句子结构：主语+系动词
2、+表语4. (2013陕西高考)My mother gave me a hug. 主 谓 间接宾语 直接宾语句子结构：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语5. (2013浙江高考)The first day I went to high school, I状 主saw some of my classmates playing table tennis. 谓 宾 宾语补足语句子结构：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语【核心点拨】1. 主语(S) 谓语(不及物动词V) 此句型中的谓语动词要用不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的动词短语。本身句意完整，后面不需要宾语，但可以跟作句子状语的副词、介词短语、状语从句。T
3、he sun rises. 太阳升起来了。He has been standing there. 他一直站在那里。2. 主语(S) 谓语(及物动词V) 宾语(O)此句型中的谓语动词需要用及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语。本身句意不完整，后面必须要跟宾语，即动作的承受者，句子意思才完整。 During holidays, he enjoys music every day. 假期的每天他都在享受音乐。Some of the students are always longing for holidays. 有些学生总是渴望着放假。3. 主语(S) 系动词(V) 表语(P) 此句型也可以称为主系表结
4、构。侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样，谓语动词常用系动词be，表语必须用可以表示主语身份、状态的形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式或分词等来构成复合谓语。Its getting cool, so I feel a bit cold. 天变得凉爽了，所以我感觉有点冷。She is much younger than I. 她比我年轻多了。4. 主语(S) 谓语(及物动词V) 间接宾语(IO) 直接宾语(DO) (1)此句型中的谓语动词比较特殊，必须跟两个宾语，即指物的直接宾语和指人的间接宾语，句子意思才能表达完整。后跟双宾语的动词有：do, give, hand, lend, offer, owe
5、, pass, pay, send, show, tell, wish, write, buy, choose, fetch, bring, get, leave, make, order, play, save, sing, spare等。Mother sent me an email about her coming yesterday. 昨天我妈妈给我发了一封她要来的电子邮件。(2)通常情况下间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后；有时也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，此时间接宾语前需加介词for或to。间接宾语后置与for连用的动词有buy, make, cook, get, choose, sing
6、, find等。间接宾语后置与to连用的动词有give, lend, teach, take, return, send, pass等。Finally she lent her book to me. 最后她把书借给了我。5. 主语(S) 谓语(及物动词V) 宾语(O) 宾语补足语(OC) 此句型中的动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语，才能使句子意思完整。能作宾语补足语成分的有：名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。When I saw him sleeping during class, I became very
7、angry. 当我发现他在课上睡觉时，我非常生气。Please keep the window open, or the room is too hot. 请开着窗，否则屋里太热了。【写作指导】不同句型常用词汇和注意事项：1. S+Vwork, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。2. S+V+O注意：英语中的许多动词既是及物动词，又是不及物动词。3. S+V+P系动词常分为以下几类：(1)判断类：be, prove等。 (2)持续类：keep, remain, stay, lie, stand等
8、。(3)表象类：seem, appear, look等。(4)感官类：feel, look, smell, sound, taste等。(5)变化类：become, grow, turn, fall, get, go等。4. S+V+IO+DO三种句式：动词+间接宾语+直接宾语；动词 宾语 for sb. ； 动词 宾语to sb. 5. S+V+O+OC注意：动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾语补足语时，不带to。【对点训练】. 请用恰当的形式完成下列句子1. They are _(待在一家旅馆里).
9、2. She _(手头上随时有个笔记本). 3. These oranges _(一直很新鲜). 4. This bread _(不好存放)for a long time. 5. The train _(驶离伦敦)at nine. 6. Shall I _(把照相机留给你)? 7. He _(成为了一名科学家). 8. The boss _(让他做那项工作)all day. staying in a hotelkept a notebook handyhave been kept freshwont keepleaves Londonleave you the camerabecame a s
10、cientistmade him do the work. 翻译下列句子1. You should keep the room clean and tidy. _2. Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans. _3. I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night. _4. Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present. _你应该保持房间干净整洁。昨天我与两个美国人一起照了相。昨天晚上我听见她一直在隔壁唱歌。她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。5. She plans to travel in the coming May Day. _6. Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer. _她打算在即将到来的“五一”外出旅游。春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。
