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1、层状结构硅酸盐矿物层状硅酸盐矿物是金属元素与层状硅酸络阴离子形成的化合物。它们广 泛分布在地壳表面。矿物中的阳离子有Mg、Fe、Al、Li、Na、K、Ca等。矿 物呈板状、片状晶形，具有硬度低，密度中等，有一组极完全解理。主要 矿物是：蛇纹石 Mg6Si4O10(OH)8 ； 高岭石 Al4Si4O10(OH)8 ； 滑石 Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 ； 叶蜡石 Al2Si4O10(OH)2 ；蒙脱石 (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg,Fe)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2.nH2O ；蛭石 (Mg,Ca)0.5(H2O)4(Mg,Fe,Al)3(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2 ；金云母
2、 KMg3Si3AlO10(OH,F)2 ； 黑云母 K(Mg,Fe)3Si3AlO10(OH,F)2 ；羟铁云母 KFe3Si3AlO10(OH,F)2 ；白云母 KAl2Si3AlO10(OH,F)2 ；锂云母 K(Li,Al)2.5-3Si3.5-3Al0.5-1O10(OH,F)2 ；铁锂云母 K(Li,Fe,Al)3Si3-3.5Al1-0.5O10(OH,F)2 ；伊利石 (K,H3O)(Al,Mg,Fe)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2 ；绿泥石 (Mg,Al,Fe)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8 ；葡萄石 Ca2AlSi3AlO10(OH)2 ；海绿石 K(Fe,Mg,A
3、l)2Si4O10(OH)2 。Layer silicatesLayer silicates are the compounds of metallic cations with layer silicate radicals. The minerals are widespead in the surface of the Earth crust .Cations in the min- arals are Mg , Al , Fe , Li , K , Na , Ca and etc .The layer silicates are charecteri- zed by tabular o
4、r lameller crystal form , rather lower hardness , moderate dens- ity and a set of perfect cleavage .The minerals have been :Serpentine Mg6Si4O10(OH)8 ; kaolinite Al4Si4O10(OH)8 ;Talc Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 ; Pyrophyllite Al2Si4O10(OH)2 ; Montmorillonite (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg,Fe)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2.nH2O ; Vermicul
5、ite (Mg,Ca)0.5(H2O)4.0(Mg,Fe,Al)3(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2 ;Phlogopite KMg3Si3AlO10(OH,F)2 ; Muscovite KAl2Si3AlO10(OH,F)2 ;Biotite K(Mg,Fe)3Si3AlO10(OH,F)2 ; Annite KFe3Si3AlO10(OH,F)2 ;Lepidolite K(Li,Al)2.5-3Si3.5-3Al0.5-1O10(OH,F)2 ;Zinnwaldite K(Li,Fe,Al)3Si3-3.5Al1-0.5O10(OH,F)2 ;Illite (K,H3O)(Al,Mg,Fe)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2 ;Chlorite (Mg,Al,Fe)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8 ;Prehnite Ca2AlSi3AlO10(OH)2 ; Glauconite K(Fe,Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH)2 .
