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1、 1. 1. 细节理解细节理解2. 2. 猜测词义猜测词义 3. 3. 推理判断推理判断4. 4.主旨大意主旨大意5. 5. 观点态度观点态度6. 6. 篇章结构篇章结构题题 型型 及及 解解 题题 技技 巧巧1 12 23 34 45 56 6主旨大意主旨大意细节理解细节理解观点态度观点态度篇章结构篇章结构推理判断推理判断猜测词义猜测词义阅读技巧阅读技巧要求考生能读懂书，报，杂志中关于一般性话题的简 要求考生能读懂书，报，杂志中关于一般性话题的简 短文短以及公告、数明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息短文短以及公告、数明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息 。考生应能：。考生应能：（一）掌握所读材料的
2、（一）掌握所读材料的主旨和大意主旨和大意，以及用以说明主，以及用以说明主 旨和大意的事实和细节旨和大意的事实和细节; ;（二）既要理解 （二）既要理解具体的事实具体的事实，也要理解抽象的概念，也要理解抽象的概念; ;（三）既要理解字面意思，也要理解深层的含义，包 （三）既要理解字面意思，也要理解深层的含义，包 括括作者的态度、意图作者的态度、意图等等; ;（四）既要理解某句、某段的意义，也要理解全篇的 （四）既要理解某句、某段的意义，也要理解全篇的 逻辑关系，并据此进行逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断推理和判断; ;（五）根据 （五）根据上下文推断生词的词义上下文推断生词的词义。（六）理解文章的
3、基本结构。（六）理解文章的基本结构。考纲的要求：考纲的要求：阅读的方法可以使用以下几种： 1.跳读：就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是 有选择阅读，找关键词。用这种阅读方法 回答who、what、when、where之类的问题 最为有效。 2.略读：指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛 泛地、粗略地快速阅读，目的是了解大意 ，对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能 回答why、how之类的问题。 3.精读：即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法， 目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解 与掌握。 在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点： 1.带着问题阅读短文。 2.找出主题句、确定中心思想。3.推断单词、句子和文章的含义。4
4、.尽快选择答案。 从试题所考查的角度和侧重点区分，阅读理解题从试题所考查的角度和侧重点区分，阅读理解题 一般可概括为以下三种类型：一般可概括为以下三种类型：一直接信息题一直接信息题二主旨归纳题二主旨归纳题三推理判断题三推理判断题不同类型问题的解题方法与技巧不同类型问题的解题方法与技巧解题方法 细节类题型的共同特点是：就文中某一个事实或细节提问。要求考生在文中找出相关的事实或细节。此类题型的解题方法是：抓住提问中的关键词，仔细阅读文章中的相关内容，一般可以在文章中直接找到或稍加归纳就可以找到正确答案。 本类试题主要考查学生对阅读材料中的本类试题主要考查学生对阅读材料中的 某一特定细节某一特定细节
5、或文章的或文章的主要事实主要事实的理解能的理解能 力。问题包括询问人力。问题包括询问人(who)(who)、物、物(what)(what)、 时间时间(when)(when)、地点、地点(where)(where)、原因、原因(cause)(cause)、 结果结果(effect)(effect)、文中的数据、文中的数据(data)(data)等。新闻、等。新闻、 说明文、广告信息等常常考查这些细节。说明文、广告信息等常常考查这些细节。 常见问题形式有： Which of the following is true/false except? Which of the following is
6、 mentioned except三正一误三正一误三误一正三误一正1.According to the passage, who/ what/ 1.According to the passage, who/ what/ which/ when/ Where / why / how/ how which/ when/ Where / why / how/ how many/how much/ how long/ How soon/ many/how much/ how long/ How soon/ how often, etc. ? how often, etc. ? 2. Accordin
7、g to the passage, which of the 2. According to the passage, which of the following is true/ not true? following is true/ not true? 3. According to the passage, Which of the 3. According to the passage, Which of the following Is not mentioned ? following Is not mentioned ? 4. All of the following are
8、 true EXCEPT _.4. All of the following are true EXCEPT _. 5. In the passage the write states that _.5. In the passage the write states that _. 6. Choose the best order in which the people 6. Choose the best order in which the people do_. do_.2. 2. 定义； 定义； 3. 3. 比较； 比较； . . 年代与数字年代与数字 5. 5. 原因和结果原因和结
9、果 此类试题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或此类试题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或 间接找到间接找到, ,但不可能与阅读材料一模一样。但不可能与阅读材料一模一样。 Sample ISample IHoover Dam lies _.Hoover Dam lies _.A. between Arizona and Nevada A. between Arizona and Nevada B. in the Black CanyonB. in the Black CanyonC. between New York and San Francisco C. between New York and San
10、 FranciscoD. both A and B D. both A and BThis huge dam is in the Black Canyon. It isThis huge dam is in the Black Canyon. It is possible to drive a car from one side of thepossible to drive a car from one side of the river to the other on a roadriver to the other on a road， which is on which is on t
11、he top of the dam. This dam is so big that the top of the dam. This dam is so big that there is an elevator inside. there is an elevator inside. This huge dam was called Boulder Dam This huge dam was called Boulder Dam when it was finished in 1936. Later it was when it was finished in 1936. Later it
12、 was renamed Hoover Dam in honor of a renamed Hoover Dam in honor of a president of the United States. Hoover Dampresident of the United States. Hoover Dam， one of the highest dams in the worldone of the highest dams in the world，is is situated between the states of Arizona andsituated between the s
13、tates of Arizona and Nevada.Nevada.2. 2. 定义； 定义； 3. 3. 比较； 比较； . . 年代与数字年代与数字 5. 5. 原因和结果原因和结果 此类试题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或此类试题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或 间接找到间接找到, ,但不可能与阅读材料一模一样。但不可能与阅读材料一模一样。 Hoover Dam lies _.Hoover Dam lies _.A. between Arizona and Nevada A. between Arizona and Nevada B. in the Black CanyonB. in the
14、Black CanyonC. between New York and San Francisco C. between New York and San FranciscoD. both A and B D. both A and BSample ISample ISample IISample IIWhich of the following is NOT true?Which of the following is NOT true?A. Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.A. Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.B. Luo L
15、in moved to Hong Kong with B. Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with her parents. her parents.C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991. in 1991.D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia. become Miss Asia.Miss Luo Li
16、n, Miss Asia of 1991Miss Luo Lin, Miss Asia of 1991，Born in Shanghai and taken to Hong Kong Born in Shanghai and taken to Hong Kong when she was only six years oldwhen she was only six years old， Luo Lin Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia. Her has never dreamed of being Miss Asia. Her childhood dream was to be an
