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1、Unit 9 翻译中视角的转移 教学目的：英语和汉语都有从正面和反面来表达某 种概念现象。正说反说作为一种翻译技巧， 主要是指在翻译实践中，为了使译文忠实、 通顺而又合乎译入语表达习惯地传达原文的 意思，有时需要把原文中肯定或否定的说法 进行适当调整。本讲的主要目的是让大家体会这种翻译 技巧在实践中的用法并能初步掌握它，准确 的处理类似的问题。 1) Hey, it is late. Where is Tom? -Hes still in bed. 他还没有起床。 2） Without reasoning one is apt to be beyond control. 没有理智容易变成不受约
2、束。 3）-Are you not going tomorrow? - No, Im not going. （是的，我不去） 1.原文形式上为肯定，译文形式上采用否 定。 1）Such a chance was denied me. 我没有得到这样一个机会。 2）The first bombs missed the target. 第一批炸弹没有击中目标。 3）While colder than usual, the weather held. 尽管较平常冷些，天气（保持）没变。 4）If he had kept his temper, the negotiation would probab
3、ly have been a success. 要是他没发脾气，谈判很可能已经成功了 。 5) The explanation is pretty thin. 这个解释相当不充实。 6）Im at my wits end to keep the children quiet. 我实在没办法让这些孩子安静下来。 7) The subversion attempts proved predictably futile. 不出所料，颠覆活动证明毫无效果。 8）Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every r
4、elevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. 极端主义者认为，人与动物在各方面都不 同，对动物无需考虑道德问题。 9)Everybody was waiting for her but she was talking to Ms. Zhang while slowly walking out of her classroom. 人人都在等她，而她却一边同张老师说话 ，一边不紧不慢（不慌不忙）地走出教室 。 10) Miss Mary kept t
5、o her room all day. 玛丽成天足不出户。 11) Its a long time since I enjoyed myself so much. 好长时间没这么痛快地玩了。 12) His explanation is far from being satisfactory. 他的解释远不能让人满意。 2. 原文形式否定，译文形式采用肯定： 1）I dont doubt China will be reunited. 我相信中国会统一的。 2）He never spared himself and so he made me work hard. 他总是拼命干，也让我拼命干。
6、 3）Hitlers undisguised effort to persecute the Jews met with worldwide condemnation. 希特勒对犹太人的露骨迫害行为遭到世界 人民的谴责。4）He manifested a strong dislike for his fathers business. 他对他父亲的行业表示了强烈的厌恶 情绪。 5) He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious. 他这个人优柔寡断，而且总是反复无 常。 6) Dont make your conclusion
7、 before the end of the year. 到年底再下结论吧！ 7) “You will try to tide me over, wont you?” “Wont I!” 你会帮我度过难关，是吗？ 当然！ 3. 原文形式上为肯定、意义上为否定， 翻译时可以直接表达出暗含的否定意义。 1） It was more than I could bear. 这个我不能忍受。 2） The guerrillas would fight to death before they surrendered. 游击队员宁愿战斗到死，也决不投降。 3） Both sides thought hat
8、 the peace proposal was one they could accept with dignity. 双方认为，那是一个他们可以不失体面地接受 的和平建议。 4) She would rather have her room painted milk-white than have it painted sky-blue. 她宁可把房间漆成乳白色，也不愿漆 成天蓝色 。 5) In addition to providing a cool sitting place in the open air, a balcony can also protect the window
9、below from the direct glare of the sun. 阳台除了可供人们乘凉以外，还可以保护 下面的窗户，使它不受到阳光的直接照射 。 6) The last thing I want in this world is to hurt you. 这个世界上我最不愿意做的是就是伤害你 。 4. 原文形式上双重否定，就相当于肯定 ，翻译时需要表达肯定的意义。 1） There can be no sunshine without shadow. 有阳光就有阴影。 2) You cant buy things without money. 没有钱就买不到东西（有钱才能买东西）
10、 。 3) He was nothing if not a hypocrite. 他完全是个虚伪的人。 4) “You are too beautiful and gifted not to make me fall in love with you!” “你太美丽太多才了，我怎能不爱你！” 5) There is not any advantage without disadvantage. 有利必有弊。 6）There is no story without coincidence. 无巧不成书。 5. 原文含有否定形式的惯用语时，要根据实际情况进 行翻译： 1) You cant be
11、too careful when you drive a car. 开车时怎么小心也不为过。 开车时，越小心越好。 2) She cant help laughing when she heard the funny story. 听到这个有趣的故事，她情不自禁的笑了。 3) It will not be long before we meet again. 我们很快就会在见面。 6. 带有“all”的不完全否定句，翻译时要格外 小心： 1）All that glitters is not gold. 发光的并不都是金子。 2) All criminals are not murderers.
12、 罪犯并非全是杀人犯。 3) But all men are not born to reign. 并非人人生来就是作帝王的。 4) Both children are not clever. 并非两个孩子都聪明。exercises: 1)All that flatter you too much are not faithful friends. 2) Mr. White has refrained from making an official comment on the coup in that country. 3) That served to strengthen instead
13、 of weaken our determination. 4) The evidence is conclusive, excluding all possibilities of doubt. ) You should seize the opportune moment to put in a good word for me.Key: 1) 吹捧你的人并非都是你忠实的朋友。 2）怀特先生没有对那国的政变发表官方（ 正式）评论。 3）那件事没有削弱我们的决心，反而增强 了我们的决心。 4）证据确凿，毋庸置疑。 5) 你应该不失时机的为我说情（好话）。正反翻译课后阅读：英语翻译中的反译法 译者的诞生与原作者的“死亡”文学翻译中的文化传达与读者
