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1、 2. 被动语态的构成： 被字句：主语+ be +动词过去分词(v-ed) +by sb. 我打他 I beat him. (打过了) 他被我打=他打被我 He was beaten by me. 他喜欢她 He likes her. 她被他喜欢=她喜欢被他She is liked by him. (am/ is / are).被动语态的时态是由be动词的时态决定的 ，be动词是什么时态，全句就是什么时态 ，be动词后面的过去分词不变。被动语态:主+ be +过去分词+(by sb) He eats the apple. 2. He ate the apple. 3. He is eating
2、 the apple. 4. He was eating the apple.5. He will eat the apple. 6. He would eat the apple.7. He has eaten the apple.8. He had eaten the apple.1. The apple is eaten by him. 2. The apple was eaten by him. 3. The apple is being eaten by him. 4. The apple was being eaten by him. 5. The apple will be ea
3、ten by him. 6. The apple would be eaten by him. 7. The apple has been eaten by him. 8. The apple had been eaten by him.三、情态动词的被动语态 他儿子一定照顾这个人。 His son must take care of the person. 这个人一定要由他儿子照顾=即这个人一定 照顾由他儿子。 The person must be taken care of by his son. 含有情态动词的句子变为被动语态时，在情 态动词后面直接加上be动词即可。 构成：主语+情态动
4、词(can,may,must)+be( 永远是原形)+过去分词+by sb.1. You must do this as soon as possible. 2. I can use it. 3. You should buy a dictionary. 4. We can change water into ice. 5. They need look after the little child.1. This must be done as soon as possible (by you). 2. It can be used. 3. A dictionary should be bo
5、ught (by you). 4. Water can be changed into ice. 5. The little child need be looked after (by them).提 高 知 识 一、是不是所有的动词都有被动语态？ 1.所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组 不能用于被动语态之中。 这类动词或短语如：take place(发生)， happen(发生)，come about(发生)， break out(爆发)，appear(出现)， disappear(消失)，last(持续)，die , end (vi. 结束), fail, lie, remain, sit
6、, spread, stand, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart等。 (2)不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词 短语： Fit合适, have, hold, marry结婚, own拥有 , wish, cost值, notice注意, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in成功, suffer from受苦, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to属于 (3)系动词无被动语态： appear,
7、 be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn It sounds good. 听起来很好。 Tell me if you feel cold你要是感到冷 就告诉我。 4) 特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood (使别人能听见/理解自己)， have sth. done ( 要某人做某事)。 5) 当break out、take place、shut off、 turn off、work out等动词表示“发生、关 闭、制定”等意
8、思时。 The plan worked out successfully. The lamps on the wall turn off. 二、初中的不及物动词有哪些？ 不及物动词指的是后面不能跟宾语的动 词。 常见的不及物动词有： apologize道歉 appear出现 arrive到达 come来 go去 run跑 walk走 die死 fall掉落 happen发生 rise升起 stay停留 sit坐 lie躺 stand站 cry哭 swim游泳基础练习题 ( ) 1. The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949. A. f
9、ound B. was founded C. is founded D. was found ( ) 2. English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken ( )3.This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sungBDD ( ) 4. This kind of car _ in Japan. A. makes B. made C. i
10、s making D. is made ( ) 5New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used ( ) 6. Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keepBDC ( ) 7. A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building ( )
11、 8. The key _ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left ( ) 9. His new book_ next month. A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been publishedBCA ( ) 10. The flowers_often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. mus
12、t waterB提高练习题 1. The old bridge in my hometown_ next month. A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt 2. The play _ at the theatre next Sunday. A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shownAA 3. Now these magazines_ in the library f
13、or a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept 4. -Id like to buy that coat. -Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been soldDC 5. These papers_yet. A.have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written
14、6. The sports meet _ be held until next week. A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt 7. The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrowBBA 8. The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended 9. Tea _ in the south of China.(多) A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow 10. Old people must _. A. look after well B. be lo
