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1、动词时态动词时态 1.一般现在时一般现在时1)一般现在时表示真理或事实：The earth moves round the sun in 365 days.地球一年三百六十五天都围绕太阳公转。2)一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态：Every evening, after supper, he sits down with a cup of coffee before the television.每天晚上在吃完晚饭之后，他都会端着杯咖啡坐在那里看电视。Their house is not like ours.他们的房子和我们的不一样。3)一般现在时表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的情况
2、When does the train leave?火车什么时候开？2.一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时的基本用法：一般过去时的基本用法：1)表示在过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。When and where did you shoot that bear?你是何时何地射杀那头熊的？2)表示过去的习惯性动作、过去反复发生的事。In those days he took his wife and children to the cinema at least once a week.在那些日子里，他至少每周一次领着妻子和孩子去看电影。使用一般过去时的其它情况：使用一般过去时的其它情况：1)过
3、去时的句子通常带有表示一个过去的特定时间或地点状语。常与一般过去时连用 的副词有：yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, ago, in 1989, at that time 等。2)句中没有时间状语时，可依据上下文进行推测。Havent you graduated from college?Yes, I studied French for two years.你还没有大学毕业么？毕业了，我学了两年法语。3.现在进行时现在进行时1)表示说话时正在进行的动作：Tom, Im speaking to you
4、. Are you listening?汤姆，我正在和你讲话呢。你正在听吗？2)表示目前这个阶段正在进行着的动作：The population of the world is increasing rapidly.世界人口正在飞速增长。3)表示说话人的某些感情色彩，常与 always，constantly 等连用：She is always leaving things about.她总是把东西到处乱丢乱放。4)表示近期即将发生的动作：They are leaving for Tibet next Monday.他们下周一去西藏。4.过去进行时过去进行时1)表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作：Sh
5、e was flying to Paris this time last Monday.上周一的这个时候，她正坐飞机飞往巴黎。2)表示过去某个动作正在进行时，另一个动作（突然）发生：We were playing football when it began to rain.当我们正在踢球的时候，突然下起了雨。5.现在完成时现在完成时1)现在完成时表示过去开始持续到现在的状况或完成的动作。It has rained every day so far this month.这个月到目前为止每天都在下雨。2)现在完成时表示已有的经历，往往强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响：Who has taken
6、my camera? I put it here a moment ago.谁拿了我的照相机？我刚放在这里的。3)在时间、条件状语从句中代替将来完成时：Dont go out until you have washed your clothes.洗完衣服你才能出去。Please give the book to Lily if you have finished reading it.看完书之后，把它给丽丽。4)通常与现在完成时连用的词语：yet, already, by this time, just, ever, never, now, before, several times, sin
7、ce, up to now, so far, recently, lately, for a long time。 6.过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时表示在过去某一活动以前已经完成了的动作。简单地说，过去完成时所表 示的时间就是“过去的过去”。常与 for, since, already, after, never, before, by the time 等连用。 如：The performance had started before we found our seats.在我们找到座位前演出就已经开始了。She had typed all the letters by the time
8、her boss arrived at the office.在老板到达办公室的时候她已经打好了所有的信件。过去完成时还可以表示动作或某事继续到过去某时已有一段时间：He had been ill for a week when he was sent to the hospital.他病了好几天后才去医院。It rained at last after it had been dry for several months.连续干旱几个月后，终于下雨了。By the end of last year, she had taught in this school for 30 years.截至到
9、去年年底，她已经在这个学校执教了 30 年。过去完成时也可表示过去未实现的希望或计划，用过去完成时。常用的动词有：hope, expect, suppose, mean, think, want 等。如：She had thought of paying us a visit, but the bad weather made her change her plans.她本想来拜访我们，但由于天气恶劣使她改变了计划。7.一般将来时一般将来时一般将来时可以由以下方式构成：表示单纯将来，第一人称用 shall，第二、三人称用 will。I shall be 18 years old next mo
10、nth.下个月我就整 18 岁了。There will be a new movie shown at the Globe Cinema tonight.今晚环球影院将上映一部新电影。be going to do 表示现在计划好将来要做的事或将来可能发生的事。Im going to stay here until tomorrow night.明晚之前我都在这里。be 动词和 come, leave, reach, return, go, start out, meet, open, die, arrive 等表示“来去”“出 发”“到达”等的词语和表示未来的时间副词连用，表示近期将发生的动作
11、。When will they leave? 他们什么时候离开？They are leaving very soon.马上。Aunt Lucy is returning home from New Zealand next week.露西阿姨下周将从新西兰回来。be about to 表示很近的将来， “就要”“即将”。The plane is about to take off when the police received a phone call, saying that a bomb might have been planted on it.飞机就要起飞的时候警方接到电话，说飞机上
12、可能被人安放了炸弹。be to do 表示预先的计划Is he studying for an examination?他是在为考试而复习吗？Yes, hes to take it next week.是，他下周有个考试。一般现在时可表示按时刻表或安排将要发生的动作。The time form Liverpool arrives at 11: 15.从利物浦开往这里的火车将在 11 点 15 分到站。8.过去将来时过去将来时过去将来时表示过去某个时候将要发生的事或计划、打算要做的事：He told me that his father was in hospital and that he w
13、ould go to see him after work.他告诉我他将在下班后去看望住院的父亲。They explained that they would build a dam to control flood.他们解释说要建一座水坝来控制洪水。9.现在完成进行时现在完成进行时表示从过去某时起持续到现在的动作。与现在完成时相比，更强调动作的进行，或将 持续下去。常与 the whole day, all morning 等或 for 和 since 引出的短语连用：I need a rest.Ive been fixing my eyes on the screen all day.我需
14、要休息一下，我都紧紧盯着屏幕一整天了。The soldiers have been struggling against the flood day and night for a week.战士们日以继夜地和洪水抗战已经一个星期了。10.过去完成进行时过去完成进行时表示从过去某时起持续到过去另一时间的动作，可能刚刚终止，也可能继续下去。与 现在完成进行时用法相似，只是以过去时间为着眼点。He had been working there for three years before he moved to London.在他搬到伦敦之前他在那里工作了三年练习与解析：练习与解析：1. Bob
15、must be very wealthy.Yes, he _ more in one day than I do in a week.A. has earned B. had earnedC. earns D. is earning2. The plane for Glasgow _ at 10:05 on Tuesday morning.A. is leaving B. has leftC. leaves D. was leaving3. Justin _ rock music to classical.A. preferred B. was preferringC. has preferred D. is preferring4. That dinner was the most expensive meal we _.A. would have B. have hadC. have never had D. had ever had5. I _ all day today and I _ rather tired now.A. have worked; am B. worked; amC. have worked; have been D. worked; was6. I _ to Las Vegas before you _ back next week.A.
