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1、高三英语总复习语法系列训练高三英语总复习语法系列训练独立主格结构独立主格结构 独立主格 （一）： 独立主格结构的构成： 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词； 名词(代词)+形容词； 名词(代词)+副词； 名词(代词)+不定式； 名词(代词) +介词短语构成。 （二） 独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同 ，它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词， 不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。1_ , we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our
2、holiday. 2_, the whole country was in deep sorrow. = After the president was murdered, the whole country was in deep sorrow. 3_, we are going to visit you tomorrow. = If weather permits, we are going to visit youtomorrow.The test finishedThe president murderedWeather permitting4，This done, we went h
3、ome. = After this was done, we went home.5，He came into the room, his ears red with cold. = and his ears were red with cold.6，He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. = and a large book was under his arm.表示时间： 1 After spring came on, the trees turned green. = , the trees turned green.
4、 2. After the signal was given, the bus started.= the bus started. 3. After the meeting was over, we left the room.we left the room.4.As it was Sunday , the library was closed.= the library was closed.Spring coming onThe signal given, The meeting (being) over,It being Sunday,5, As the weather was fi
5、ne, we went for a walk. = we went for a walk.6. As there was no buses, we had to walk home. = we had to walk home.7. As the key had been lost, she could not enter the room. = , she could not enter the room. 8. After the moon appeared, they decided to go on withtheir journey. = they decided to go on
6、with their journey.The weather (being) fine,There being no buses,The key lost (having been lost)The moon appearing (having appeared), 独立主格结构使用介词的问题： 当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物 主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但 with 的复合结构不 受此限制1 . A robber burst into the room, knife in hand. ( hand 前不能加his)。A robber burst into the roo
7、m with a knife in his hand.2. Last night I followed him here, and climbed in, sword in hand.Last night I followed him here, and climbed in with a sword in my hand.with + with + 复合宾语复合宾语1with + 名词（或代词）+ 现在分词He fell asleep with the lamp burning.You cant leave here with the machine running.With him tak
8、ing charge of the task, I have no doubt of its success.With winter coming on, its time to buy warm clothes.2with + 名词（或代词）+ 过去分词The old man was listening to the radio, with his eyes half closed.All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. With the work finished, all of us went out for a walk.He
9、 stood for an instant with his hand still raised.3with + 名词（或代词）+ 动词不定式I cant go out with all these dishes to wash.With so many books to read, I couldnt go out with you.With only two minutes to go, they hurried to the station.With all this work to do, I dont know if Ill have time to go out.4with + 名
10、词（或代词）+ 介词短语He walked along with his hat on the back of his head.He simply stared at her with that peculiar expression on his face.He was asleep with his head on his arms.She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides.5with +名词（或代词）+形容词The man was sleeping with the window open.The mo
11、ther doesnt allow her child to talk with his mouth full.6with +名词（或代词）+副词With John away, weve got more room.The Emperor walked in the middle of the procession with nothing on.The student listened to his teacher with his head down.With the teacher there, he cant write.表示伴随情况、原因、条件、时间或补充说明：1.The day i
12、s bright, with a fresh breeze _(blow).2.The new building with its windows _(face) south is our office.3.Some were poor, without even a raincoat _(protect) them from the weather.4.The young man wore a shirt with the neck _(open), showing his bare chest. 5. The newly elected president felt very worrie
13、d now with so manyproblems _ (solve).blowingfacingto protectopento solve1._,we went home. A. Our homework had been finished B.Our homework having been finished C. Our homework finishing D. Our homework been finished2.The meeting_, he went back to his company. A. Over B. had over C. was over D. have
14、been over3.Time _,we shall visit the zoo. A.been permitting,B.permitting C.permitted D.having been permitted4,_,he put on his coat. A. It being cold B. It cold C. Being cold D. It having been cold5.He left the room_. A. with the door closing B. with the door closedC. with the door being closed D. the door was closed 6. The murder was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied.
