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1、代词 英语中代词分为-人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指 示代词，不定代词，疑问代词，连接代词，关系代词 。 1.人称代词She was late yesterday(主语). Oh,its you.(表语).I saw him in the bank.(宾语).Have you heard from her?(宾语).在口语中,一般不说Its I/he/she. 而说Its me/him/her. 2.物主代词表示所有关系的代词，也叫做代词所有格 。它分为形容词性和名词性物主代词。my-mine, his- his, her-hers, our-ours,their-theirs,its-it
2、s,your-yours.它们的用法 a.Is that man with his hands in his pocket your brother? b.Can I borrow your pen? Yours writes better than mine.c.My bike is out of order.May I use yours? d.The room isnt ours. Its theirs. e.He is a friend of mine. f.We all like this little dog of his.（说出它们的句法作用 ） 3.反身代词表示动作的反射（只一
3、个动作反射到该动 作的执行者）或强调（即用来加强名词或代词的语气 ）的代词叫做反身代词.myself-yourself-himself-herself- itself-oneself-ourselves-yourselves-themselves. a.You will hurt yourself if you do it. b.She is worried about herself. c.I am not quite myself today. d.He recovered from the shock and was himself soon. e.She is going abroad
4、 next month,she told me herself.f.I gave the letter to jack himself. g.The artist lives by himself in the country. 4.指示代词表示“这个”，“那个”，“这些”，“那些”等 概念的叫做指示代词。this,that,these,those,such a.This is a map of our school. b.Are those yours? Yes, they are. c.Ill send these to my grandpa tomorrow. d.The oldest
5、building is this, not that. e.Such is our class teacher. We like him very much. f.Can we do it in that way? g.This apple tastes good. And Ill taste that apple. h.I like those books that your sent me that day. i.You shouldnt do such foolish things.有时为了避免重复出现提到过的名词，常用that/those代 替.例如: a.The building i
6、n Shanghai is different from that in Beijing. b.TV sets made in Qingdao are just as good as those made in Shaghai. 在打电话时，常用this来介绍自己，用that来问对方是 谁。例如： c.Hello, this is Tom. Whos that? b.Is that Henry? Whos that speaking? 5.不定代词代替任何特定的名词或形容词的代词叫做 不定代词。 不定代词根据起用法，有以下： Some(一些，某),any(一些，任何),many(许多), Mu
7、ch(许多),little(几乎没有),few(同前),every(每,各 ),each(同前),both(二者都),either(二者中任何一个),neither(二者都不),all(所有一切), none(全部不),other(别人的，其他的),another(另一个), no(没有), one(一个). (some,any,every,和no都可以与body,thing和one构成不定 代词。在用法上保持some,any,every和no的特点。但这 些合成的不定代词只能做名词性代词，不能做形容词 性代词使用。下面详细叙述他们的各自用法。 (1)some-一些，某些，某个。常用在肯定句中
8、。 a.Some are bus drivers. Others are bus conductors. b.Have you any money? Yes, I have some. c.She gave him some milk to drink. d.We have read it in some book.But I can remember which. e.Will you give me some ink? (表示同情或是请求). f.Would you like some coffee(The same as the above) g.it happened some ten
9、 years ago.(状语） (2)any一些，任何。可以替代名词和形容词。常用在 否定句，疑问句，条件状语从句，作定语时，可以修 饰可数或是不可数名词。例如： a.Have you any work to do tonight? b.Are there any notebooks in your bag? c.Do you have any brothers or sisters? d.If you have any questions, please let me know. e.You mat come to me at any time.(在肯定句中表“任何”) f.You can
10、ask me any question as long as I can answer you. (no)无， 只做定语，修饰可数或是不可数名词。如 ： a.There are no letters for you today.b.We have no lessons on Saturdays and Sundays. c.She know no Russian. d.He says no world=He doesnt say any word. e.Linda was no taller than Jane. (4)all-全体，所有。指三个或三个以上的人或事物，它 的作用为主语，宾语，表
11、语，定语，同位语。 如： a.All agree to my idea. b.All of us want to become football players. c.She gave all she has. d.All the students are singing songs in English. e.All the homework has been finished in time. f.We all look as we always did. g.They are all from Germany.All做主语时，表示“每件事”.“整个事物”时后面的谓语 动词必须用单数，表示
12、“所有的人或事物”时，谓语动词 必须用复数。 1.All I can say is that we are sorry for that. 2.All agree that Mr. Wang did a good job. All与not连用时，表示部分否定。 3.All the students dont want to go to the cinema. 4.Not all the bamboo grows tall. (5)both-两者都。指两个人或事物，做主语，宾语，定 语，同位语。 a.Both would like to have a third try. b.We shall
13、buy both,for we can have a change. c.Both my parents are doctors.d.He and his mother both like playing tennis. e.They both came back at the same time yesterday. f.Both he and I are music lovers. g.Betty will both sing and dance at the party tomorrow. h.Both of us havent read this book. (6)none “无人或无
14、物”, 与all相反，表示三者或三者以上 中的无人或无物，可代名词，作主语，宾语。例如： a.None of them ever come(s)to see you. b.I want none of them. c.None of the money was given by him. d.None of the cars are made in this city. e.None of us have(has)ever been to Guangzhou.单复数在这种情况下都可以。 (7)either “两者中的任何一个” 做主语，宾语，定语。 a.Either is very good.
15、 b.You may take either of the books. c.There are lights on either side of the street. d.Either of the brothers knows music very well.（单数） e.Either you or he is right.（就近原则） f.Either he or you have known who has stolen my wallet. g.I dont like black and he doesnt like it,either.(也不） (8)neither “两者都不”
16、，是both的否定形式。可以做主语 ，宾语，定语。例如： a.Neither is bad. b.Neither of them wants to stop to have a rest. c.I need neither of the books.Take them away.d.Neither side could win. e.Neither of the two brothers has been abroad. f.This blouse doesnt fit me, neither does that red one. g.If they dont go there, neither shall I. h.Neither my sister nor I am willing to work with you. i.Neither my teacher nor my classmates like music. (注意谓语动词的用法以及其的倒装用法） (9)each “每个” 强调“个别”,着重 “个性”. 起名词和形
