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1、Finish up APA style EthicsPsych 231: Research Methods in PsychologyAnnouncementsnExam 1: on MondaynUniv college writing help:nhttp:/www.ucollege.ilstu.edu/tutoring/writing/APA style: Parts of a research report Abstract Body Introduction Methods Participants Materials/Apparatus Design Procedure Resul
2、ts Discussion References The rest Authors Notes, Footnotes, Tables, Figures & CaptionsMethod - tells the reader exactly what was done Enough detail that the reader could actually replicate the study. Subsections: Participants - who were the data collected fromHow many, where they were selected from,
3、 any special selection requirements, details about those who didnt complete the experiment Apparatus/ Materials - what was used to conduct the study DesignSuggested if you have a complex experimental design, often combined with Materials section ProcedureWhat did each participant do? Other details,
4、including the operational levels of your IV(s) and DV(s), counterbalancing, etc.nThe basic parts of a research article :Body Method - tells the reader exactly what was done Reading checklist 1 a) Is your method better than theirs? b) Does the authors method actually test the hypotheses? c) What are
5、the independent, dependent, and control variables? 2) Based on what the authors did, what results do YOU expect? Writing checklist Is it clear why the procedures were selected? Are any assumptions explicit and defended? Is the level of detail sufficient for replication?nThe basic parts of a research
6、 article :Body Body nResultsnVerbal statement of results: Describe the results but dont interpret them here (thats for the discussion) Statistical Outcomes Means, standard deviations, t-tests, ANOVAs, correlations, etc. Relate the analyses to the specific hypotheses Tables and figures These get refe
7、rred to in the text, but actually get put into their own sections at the end of the manuscriptBody nResults Reading checklist Did the author get unexpected results? How does the author interpret the results? How would YOU interpret the results? What implications would YOU draw from these results? Wr
8、iting checklist Is it clear how the hypotheses are tested by the analyses? Would a graph or table help clarify the results? What questions might the reader still have, and how could I answer them in this section?Body nDiscussion (interpreting the results)nRelationship between purpose and resultsnThe
9、oretical (or methodological) contributionnImplicationsnFuture directions (optional) Reading checklist Does YOUR interpretation or the authors interpretation best represent the data? Do you or the author draw the most sensible implications and conclusions? Writing checklist Have you stated your most
10、convincing argument? Do the conclusions follow straightforwardly from the results?The referencesnReferencesnAuthors namenYearnTitle of worknPublication information Journal Issue PagesAdolescent Depression 29ReferencesBarnett, P. A., & Gotlib, I. H. (1988). Psychosocial functioning and depression: Di
11、stinguishing among antecedents, concomitants, and consequences. Psychological Bulletin, 104.Beck, A. T. (1978). Beck Depression Inventory. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation. Benoit, D., Vidovic, D., & Roman, J. (1991, April). Transmission of attachment across three generations. Paper presen
12、ted at the Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development. Benoit, D., Zeanah, C. H., & Barton, M. L. (1989). Maternal attachment disturbances in failure to thrive. Infant Mental Health Journal, 3, 185-202. Benoit, D., Zeanah, C. H., Boucher, C., & Minde, K. (1989). Sleep disorder
13、s in early childhood: Association with insecure maternal attachment. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 86-93. When something odd comes up, dont guess. Look it up!The restnAuthors NotesnFootnotesnTablesnFigures and captionsnThese are used to supplement the text.n
14、To make a point clearer for the reader.nTypically used for: The design Examples of stimuli Patterns of resultsEthicsEthics people should be treated as ends not meansEthical Responsibilities in ResearchnTwo basic categories of ethical concerns:nNeed to consider the rights of our participants in our r
15、esearchnNeed to behave ethically as scientists and practitionersUsing humans in researchnFor the most part the researcher has the power You know what is going to be done to the participants Participants may feel like they have to do it Consider the Milgram (1963) study demonstrated how far people ma
16、y go to obey authorities This study itself exemplifies the need for strict rules of ethicsnConsider ethics at each stepnDoes the topic/idea for the research have some ethical issues surrounding it?nHow are participants selected?nWhat methods may be used on the participant population?nWhat measurement techniques will be used?nWhat
