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1、简单句简单句六大基本句型结构 句型1：主系表结构：Subject (主语) Link. V(系动词) Predicate(表语)这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、 身份等。 系动词包括be动词、感官动词、表示 变化和持续的动词等 表语一般由名词、形容词、介词短语 、动词不定式、动名词等充当。 句型2：主谓结构：Subject (主语) Verb (谓 语) 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，常 见的动词：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。1) Li Ming works very ha
2、rd.2) The little girl cried even harder. 3) The accident happened yesterday afternoon. 句型3：主谓宾结构：Subject(主语) Verb ( 谓语) Object (宾语)这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词。其宾 语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或 从句等来充当。1) He took his bag and left.（名词） 2) Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties. (代词)3) She plans to travel in the com
3、ing May Day.（不定式）4) I dont know what I should do next. (从 句) 句型4：主谓宾宾结构 Subject(主语)Verb(谓语)Indirect object(间接宾语)Direct object (直接宾 语)这种句型中，直接宾语为主要宾语， 在句中不可或缺，常常由表示“物”的名词 来充当；间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语， 去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大，多由 指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾 语的常见动词有：buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。 此结构由主语+及
4、物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+ 直接宾语（事物）组成；但若要先说出直接宾 语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助 于介词to或for。 用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着 某人。用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人 ，替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等。（需借助for 的）buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order,
5、 sing, save, spare 等。 句型5：主谓宾宾补结构：Subject(主语)Verb (动词) Object (宾语)Complement(补语)这种句型中的“宾语 补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾 语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身 份等；或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常 常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定 式等。1）You should keep the room clean and tidy.（形 容词）2) We made him our monitor.(名词)3) His father told him not to play in
6、the street.(不定 式) 常见的动词有: tell, ask, advise, help, want, would like, order, force, allow等。 注意：动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to 。1) The boss made him do the work all day.2) I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night. 句型6：There be 句型：There be + 主语 +
7、其它这一结构表示“某地有某物”。主语一 般位于there be 之后。值得关注的是，当 句中有两个或更多的主语时，动词一般和 最近的一个保持一致：1) There are two girls and a boy running on the playground.2) There is a boy and two girls running on the playground. 1.The boy is asleep . (_式) 2.The boy is sleeping. (_式) 3.The boy is playing the guitar. (_式) 4.He is playing
8、happily. (_ 式) 5.His music is very beautiful. (_式) 6.It is beautiful music. (_ 式)二）判断这些句子的类型 1. She is a very good girl . (_式) (_语) (_词) (_语) 2. The girl is very good. (_式) (_语) (_词) (_语) 3. They laughed. (_式) (_语) (_词) 4. The kites fly in the sky. (_式) (_语) (_词) 5. I bought a new bike. (_式) (_语) (_
9、词) (_语) 6. He plays volleyball. (_式) (_语) (_词) (_语) 7. She told me a story. (_式) (_语) (_词) (_语) (_语) 8. He gave me a good book. (_式) (_语) (_词) (_语) (_语) 9.He asked me to help him. (_式) (_语) (_词) (_语) (_语) 10.He made me happy. (_式) (_语) (_词) (_语) (_语) 写出下面句子的结构类型： He feels disappointed. I love operas
10、. She always tells me jokes. The children cried and shouted every day. The smiling faces of his children made him happy again. She is quiet and shy. My father bought me a useful dictionary. Mrs. Von Trapp died. She taught the children to sing lively songs and perform short and funny plays to cheer them up. You may become unhappy sometimes.
