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1、不定式-ing 形式非谓语动词不定式 不定式或不定式短语具有名词，形容词，和副词的 性质，因而可以在句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语 ，和状语 考点 1 动词不定式可作主语，但常用形式主语结构 1）To know sth about English is not to know English 2）To make him change his mind is hard = It is hard to make him change his mind. 很难让 他改变主意。 2 一致原则 To do A is to do B - Doing A is Doing B3：使役动词 六看 二听 一感觉
2、，另加 make, have 与let 在make（使）, have（使，叫） , let（让）等使 役动词后；在see（看）, watch （观看）, look at（看）, observe（观察，看见）, perceive（看 见）, notice（发现，注意) feel（感觉）, hear（ 听）, listen to （听.）,等后面省去动词不定式符 号“to” Professor Black had us _ compositions every Friday. a. to write b. written c. write d. wrote 由主动语态改为被动语态，不定式符号to
3、此时一 般不能省 Che was seen to kill the girlHe made me kill the gile= I was made to killYou can find many people _ ( seat / sit) under the tall tree , _ ( play ) chess and many children _ ( dress ) in beautiful clothes _( surround ) them Seat vt. - sb seat oneself + 地点sb be seated + 地点sit vi _ sb sit + 地点
4、Sb dress oneself in clothes Sb be dressed in clothesseated /seating themselves/sitting playing dressed Surrounding 4 用to + do ，in order to do 或so as to do引起 不定式短语表示 目的，结果，原因 1） 其否定为 Not to do / in order not to do / so as not to do 2) So as to 不能提句首 , to do /in order to 可以 3) only to 常表事与愿违的结果 4) be
5、adj /adv. enough to do 足够能做be so + adj /adv. as to do 如此以致be too +adj /adv. to do 太而不能( 但 表心里专态的adj、 adv 表肯定：Im too glad /eager / happy to go there ) Eg he was so careless as to forget to lock the doorhe is old enough to do thathe is too old to do that Grace advised us to withdraw _. a.so as to get
6、not involved b.so not as to get involved c. so as not to get involved d. so that not to involveCHe hurried to the station , _ the train had gone A to tell B to be telling C only to be told D tellCThey were _ to go any further. a.too frightened b. as frightened as c. so frightened as d. too frightene
7、d forA5 疑问词常加动词不定式：a)构成：what, which, how , when, where 等疑问代词或疑问副词，后面几个一个动词 不定式或动词不定式短语。而常不用doing b)作用：按所作的句子成分来说，在句子中 一般可以作主语，宾语和表语。 1 How to save the child is important to us. (作主语) 2 I dont know what to do next.（作宾语） 3 The problem is when to start.(作表语)； c “疑问词+动词不定式”结构可以改写成 由该疑问词引导的从句，从句所作的句子成分不变
8、。 如:I dont know _ A how to do B what doing C what to do D how doing it = I dont know what I should do. C6 含有序数词或最高级的词常用不定式作定语 The first to go out is the last one to get thenews 7一般情况下，句子的主语也是不定式的逻辑主语， 要注意它们的一致。 To learn to speak English well, _. a. much practice is needed b. one needs much practice
9、c. much practice is in need d. much practice one is neededB8 不定式的时态 ,语 态主 动 语 态 被 动 语 态 一般时 to make to be made进行时 to be making to be being done完成时 to have made to have been made谓语动词to have done Bto do Ato be doingI am glad to _ ( see) you soon. I am glad to _( see) you . Good by . I am glad to _ ( h
10、ear ) from you . In you letter you asked me how to learn English. I am glad to _( do) your work nowglad to have seento seeseehave seen have heardto be doingbe doing1) The water seems to be boiling. 2) She was found to be teaching the pupils to make model planes.完成式：动词不定式表示的动作在谓语动词表示 的动作之前发生。例如： 1) T
11、hey are known to have come to a decision on the matter. 2) It was a great satisfaction to have revisited our native village.If you are traveling forwards in a train, the things around you outside seem _ backwards. a.having moved b. to have moved c. to be moving d. to movingCHis works appears _ into
12、several languages already. a. having been translated b. to be translated c. to have been translated d. to translatedCThe elephants ought _ hours ago by the keepers. a. to be fed b. to feed c. to being fed d. to have been fed特别注意以下句型： DSb/ sth be reported (considered ,thought,said ,believed to do sth
13、 / to have done sth to be done/to have been done1) He is said _ ,so you cant find him here 2) He is said _ , so maybe you can find him here today a. to leave b. to be left c. to have left d. having left 1) He is said _ ,so you cant find him here 2) He is said _ , so maybe you can find him here today
14、 a. to dismiss b. to be dismissed c. to have been dismissed d. dismissingcacb9 动词不定式符号to后动词的省略 不定式符号to后重复前面的动词，该动词省略而保 留 “to”。如果是be 或have 常保留例如： 1） He will begin his work as soon as possible if he is allowed to. 2 )He refused to take a rest though we had asked him to, Eg 1) Havent you been thereNo, but I _.A wished B wished to C wish to have D have wished to 2) “will the Smiths go abroad this summer?” “No, they finally decided _.”A not going B not to C not to be D not to goingCBNo, but I wish to have (been there)9 动词不定式符号to后动词的省略 不定式符号t
