《现代大学英语精读4lesson6_extension》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《现代大学英语精读4lesson6_extension（22页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Lesson 6-Groundless BeliefsPart FivePart FiveENTERBTLEWExtension Extension I. Oral work II. QuotesIII.TranslationIV. Poem: They Were Welcome To Their Belief V.Supplementary reading VI. QuizBTLEWLesson 6-Groundless BeliefsI. I.Oral WorkOral Work1. Give some examples of funny or bizarre childhood beli
2、efs, collection of ideas that adults thought were true when they were children. It will remind you what it was like to be a child, fascinated and horrified by the world in equal parts. 2. Differences between thinking with beliefs and thinking without beliefs BTLEWLesson 6-Groundless BeliefsII. II. Q
3、uotes (on Irony)Quotes (on Irony)The End of group discussion.BTLEWThe trouble with most folks is not so much their ignorance, as their “knowing“ so many things which aint so. Josh Billings He who cannot reason is a fool; he who will not is a bigot; he who dare not is a slave. W. Drummond Every argum
4、ent that has been used to justify the teaching of grammar may be applied with greater cogency to the teaching of logic. If it is desirable that a person shall speak correctly, it is much more desirable that he shall think correctly. Ballard the following three quotations are from A. E. Manders book,
5、 Logic for the Millions. Lesson 6-Groundless BeliefsIV. IV. PoemPoemBTLEWRobert Frost - They Were Welcome To Their Belief Grief may have thought it was grief. Care may have thought it was care. They were welcome to their belief, The overimportant pair. No, it took all the snows that clung To the low
6、 roof over his bed, Beginning when he was young, To induce the one snow on his head.To be continued on the next page.Lesson 6-Groundless BeliefsTo be continued on the next page.IV. IV. PoemPoemBTLEWBut whenever the roof camme white The head in the dark below Was a shade less the color of night, A sh
7、ade more the color of snow. Grief may have thought it was grief. Care may have thought it was care. But neither one was the thief Of his raven color of hair.Lesson 6-Groundless BeliefsAbout the poet Frost, Robert (1874-1963), American poet, who drew his images from the New England countryside and hi
8、s language from New England speech. Although Frosts images and voice often seem familiar and old, his observations have an edge of skepticism and irony that make his work, upon rereading, never as old-fashioned, easy, or carefree as it first appears. In being both traditional and skeptical, Frosts p
9、oetry helped provide a link between the American poetry of the 19th century and that of the 20th century. See also American Literature: Poetry. IV. IV. PoemPoemBTLEWThe End of PoemLesson 6-Groundless BeliefsI. People have slaughtered each other in wars, inquisitions, and political actions for centur
10、ies and still kill each other over beliefs in religions, political ideologies, and philosophies. These belief-systems, when stated as propositions, may appear mystical, and genuine to the naive, but when confronted with a testable bases from reason and experiment, they fail miserably. I maintain tha
11、t beliefs create more social problems than they solve and that beliefs, and especially those elevated to faith, produce the most destructive potential to the future of humankind.V.V.Supplementary ReadingSupplementary ReadingBTLEWTo be continued on the next page.The problems with beliefs by Jim Walke
12、rLesson 6-Groundless BeliefsV.V.Supplementary ReadingSupplementary ReadingThroughout history, humankind has paid reverence to beliefs and mystical thinking. Organized religion has played the most significant role in the support and propagation of beliefs and faith. This has resulted in an acceptance
13、 of beliefs in general. Regardless of how one may reject religion, religious support of supernatural events gives credence to other superstitions in general and the support of faith (belief without evidence), mysticism, and miracles. Most scientists, politicians, philosophers, and even atheists supp
14、ort the notion that some forms of belief provide a valuable means to establish “truth“ as long as it contains the backing of data and facts. BTLEWTo be continued on the next page.Lesson 6-Groundless BeliefsV.V.Supplementary ReadingSupplementary ReadingBelief has long become a socially acceptable for
15、m of thinking in science as well as religion. Indeed, once a proposition turns to belief, it automatically undermines opposition to itself. Dostoyevsky warned us that those who reject religion “will end by drenching the earth in blood.“ But this represents a belief in-itself. Our history has shown t
16、hat the blood letting has occurred mostly as a result of religions or other belief-systems, not from the people who reject them.BTLEWTo be continued on the next page.Lesson 6-Groundless BeliefsV.V.Supplementary ReadingSupplementary ReadingHowever, does rational thinking require the adherence to beliefs at all? Does productive science, ethics, or a satisfied life require any attachment to a belief of a
