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1、1Brief Introduction to the Course in Capital Medical University Guo Jing 2013-5-26Course, Teacher second, the language; third, the proper arrangement of the various parts of the speech.” Aristotle（亚里士多德）11Methods ofPersuasionBuilding credibilityUsing evidenceReasoningAppealing toemotions建立信誉度使用证据 运用
2、推理方法利用情感诉求Ethos 品格吸引Logos 推理折服Pathos 情感打动晓之以理 动之以情12Lecture Outline1Building Credibility2 Using Evidence3 Appealing to EmotionsThe Art of Public Speaking4 Sample Learning and Practice131.“Within ten years, changes in technology will make todays personal computers seem hopelessly old- fashioned.” (Bi
3、ll Gates) 2.“Personal computers are not likely to be much different in ten years than they are today.” (Zhang Yimou)1Building Credibility 建立信誉度1.“Despite changes in audience values, there will always be a market for well-made kung fu films.” (Zhang Yimou) 2.“There is no longer a significant market f
4、or kung fu films.” (Bill Gates)14Credibility (ethos)：The audiences perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic.15Competence: how an audience regards a speakers intelligence, expertise, and knowledge of the subject.Factors of CredibilityCharacter: how an audience regards a
5、speakers sincerity, trustworthiness, and concern for the well-being of the audience.16Explain Your Competence!17 I never knew much about UFOs until I did a research project on them last year. Since then, I have read a lot more about the subject, including reports by scientists from the National Soci
6、ety of Extraterrestrial Studies. As a result, I have decided that the evidence strongly suggests that Earth has beenand continues to bevisited by spaceships from other planets.Explain Your Competencestress study and research 18 I spent last year in the United States. Not only did I become much bette
7、r in my use of English, but I made so many new friends and learned so much about American culture. Today I want to persuade all of you to do everything you can to participate in some kind of study-abroad program.Explain Your Competenceemphasize background and personal experience19Establish Common Gr
8、ound with Your Audience!Dale Carnegie（戴尔卡内基 ） 20 there are many differences among the people in this class. we all share one thing in commonwe are all concerned with the quality of education at this school. Whether we like it or not, we have a problema problem that affects each of us. This morning I
9、 would like to discuss this problem and whether it can be solved by an increase in tuition.Example Speech: common perceptionscontroversial ideas21Deliver Your Speeches Fluently, Expressively, and with Conviction!222 Using Evidence 使用证据 evidencestatisticstestimonyexamplesbrief examplesextended exampl
10、eshypothetical examplessingle statisticsmultiple statisticsexpert testimonypeer testimony23 “Lots of people in China suffer from diabetes.” “According to statistics in Shanghai Daily, more than 80 million Chinese have some form of diabetes.” Use Specific EvidenceUse Novel EvidenceUse Evidence from C
11、redible Sources243 Appealing to Emotions 运用情感诉求sadafraidangryproudhappy ? of serious illness, of natural disasters, of economic hardship. ? for people with disabilities, for neglected animals, for starving children, for victims of fraud. ? in ones country, in ones hometown, in ones family, in ones s
12、chool, ones personal accomplishments. ? at terrorists and their supporters, at unethical business leaders, at corrupt officials, at vandals and thieves. ? for an admired person, for traditions and institutions, for ones cultural heritage.25fearcompassionprideangerreverenceTips: using emotional langu
13、age (rhythm) developing vivid examples speaking with sincerity and conviction using appropriate emotional appeals in speeches on questions of policy.26Never Substitute Emotional Appeals for Facts and Logic!27Barack Obama“Many factors contributed to Barack Obamas election as President of the United S
14、tates, but none was more important than his remarkable gifts as an orator.”The Art of Public Speaking28Nov. 4th, 2008 Chicago Victory Speech This is Your Victory29Q: How did Obama apply “using evidence” and “appealing to emotions” in this selected speech?30using evidenceShe was there for the buses i
15、n Montgomery, the hoses in Birmingham, a bridge in Selma, A man touched down on the moon, a wall came down in Berlin, a world was connected by our own science and imagination. 1. appropriate and vivid examples1）brief examplesObama style with 3 short parallel structures31using evidenceAnn Nixon Coope
16、r is 106 years old. She was born just a generation past slavery. . when there were no cars on the road or planes in the sky; when someone like her couldnt vote for two reasons - because she was a woman and because of the color of her skin. she saw a nation conquer fear itself with a New Deal, new jobs and a new sense of common purpose. Yes we can. she knows how Ameri
