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1、 1.it作人称代词 1.1.it的最基本用法是作人称代词，主要指刚提到的事物 ，以避免重复: Ningbo is a beautiful city, isnt it? 1.2.也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子): Is this your dog？No, it isnt. 1.3.也可指抽象事物: It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that 2.非人称代词it it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、环境等， 称为非人称的it： 2.1.指天气： It is a lovely day, isnt it?
2、It is a bit windy.2.2.指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back. 2.3.指环境: It was very quiet in the caf. 2.4.指距离： It is half an hours walk to the city centre. 3.it的其他用法 3.1.表示谁在做某事的句子： Who is it? -Its me. Her face lighted when she saw who it was. 3.2.用来泛泛的指某件事： So you are going to be married thi
3、s time？When is it？ It doesnt matter. It is a shame, isnt it?.it的重要句型 1. It is + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面， 其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语， 宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可 以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该 是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其 它从句的方法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand w
4、as made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. 2. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状 语，译成汉语直到才，可 以说是 not . until . 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not
5、until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 3. It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain.) that . 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引 导的主语从句，常译为清楚（显然，真的， 肯定） 是主语从句最常见的一种结 构。 It is very clea
6、r that hes round and tall like a tree. = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. 4. It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural.) that . 该句型和上一个同属一个句型；由于主句中的形容词不同 ，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形） ，should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It i
7、s necessary that he (should) remember these words. 5. It is said (reported， learned.) that . 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语 从句；该结构常译为据说（据报道，据悉）。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. 6. It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insiste
8、d/commanded. ) that . 该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过 去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时， that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动 词原形），should 可以省；常译为据建议 ；有命令） It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 7. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . 该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should +
9、 动 词原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为竟 然。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ 8. It is time ( about time ，high time ) that . 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是 常用过去时态表示虚拟 有时也用should + 动词 原形，should 不能省，常译为是（正是）的时 侯 I
10、t is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 9. It is the first ( second . ) time that . 该句型要和上一个句型区别开来，该句型中的 that 从句 不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态，。至于用什么完成时态， 由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面 从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用 过去完成时态，该结构中 that 可以省去；it有时用 this 替换常译为是第一（二）次。 It is the first time
11、 I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. 10. It is . since .。 该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段 时间的时间状语连用的问题，主句中是时间作表语，其时 态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句通常是一般过去 时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则 用过去完成时。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died. 11. It is . when .。 该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it
12、指 时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为当的时候，是 It was 5 oclock when he came here. 12. It be . before . 该句型主句中的 it 指时间， 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过 去时两种时态主句中的表语多是long， not long ， 3 days ， 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为之后 。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job. 13. It happens (seems， looks，
13、 appears ) that. 该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的 happen ， seem等词是不及物动词。 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来 14. It takes sb. . to do sth. 该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句 型中的直接宾语是时间，常译为做要花费某 人。 It took thousands of people many
14、 years to build the Great Wall. 15. It is no good (use ) doing sth. 该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可 以是no good ， ( not any good ) ， no use ， ( not any use )。 It is no good learning English without speaking English. 16. It doesnt matter whether ( if ) . 该句型中whether(if) 引导的从句是真正主语，该句 型常译为 不论（是否）没关系。 It doesnt
15、matter if they are old. 17. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定 式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必 须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的 ）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为： sb. is kind to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. 18. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 该句型与上一个同属一个句型，如果不定式的逻 辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示 重要性，紧迫
