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1、非谓语动词 在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词 。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词(分词包括 现在分词和过去分词)。1）不定式 时态语态 主动 被动 一般式 to do to be done完成式 to have done to have been done2）动名词 时态语态 主动 被动 一般式 doing being done完成式 having done having been done3）分词 时态语态 主动 被动 一般式 doing being done完成式 having done having been done 否定形式： not +不定式，
2、not/no + 动名词， not + 现在分词动词不定式 1）作主语： To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. To lose your heart means failure. 动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主 语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如上 面两句可用如下形式： It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. It means failure to lose your heart. 动词不定式 2）作表语： Her job is to clean the hall.
3、 He appears to have caught a cold. 5）作定语： 动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。 与所修饰名词有如下关系： 动宾关系： I have a meeting to attend. 注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是 地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，如： He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about. 如果不定式修饰time, place, way，可以省略介词： He has no place to live. This is the best
4、way to work out this problem. 说明所修饰名词的内容： We have made a plan to finish the work. 序数词和最高级后用不定式做定语： He is the first to get here. 动词不定式 做状语 表目的： He worked day and night to get the money. She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 表结果： He arrived late to find the train gone. 常用only放在不定式前表示强调： I visited
5、him only to find him out. 表原因： They were very sad to hear the news. 表程度： Its too dark for us to see anything. The question is simple for him to answer. 非谓语动词做题四步分析一、分析句子结构 1. _many times , but he still couldnt understand it . 2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it . A. Having been told B. T
6、old C. He was told D. Though he had been toldC_A4. If you _to the left , youll find the post office .5. _to the left , and youll find the post office .A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned3. _to the left , youll find the post office .A_CC二、分析逻辑主语非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词 特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑 主语。非谓语动词作状语时，其
7、逻辑主语 须和句子的真正主语一致。若不一致，则 须加上自己的逻辑主语1. _no buses , we have to walk home 2. _Sunday, I shall have a quiet day at home .A.There being B. It were C. There were D. It being_AD_三、分析语态分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分 析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时 是主动还是被动关系。1. _from space , the earth looks blue .2._from space , we can see the earth is
8、 blue .A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. See_A_B3. The dirty clothes _ , the girl hung them up outside .4. _ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside .A.was washed B. washed C.were washed D.having washed_B_D四、分析时态1. The building _now will be a restaurant . 2. The building _ next year will be a
9、restaurant . 3. The building _last year is a restaurant.A. having been built B.to be built C.being built D. built _C_B_D1. He stood there_for his mother .2. _for two hours , he went away .A.waiting B. to wait C. waited D.Having waitedAD巩固练习:1. _wont be of much help .A .Toms going B. Tom goingC. Tom
10、to go D. Tom goesA2. They managed _the meeting room before the guests arrived.A. finishing to clean B. finishing cleaningC. to finish cleaning D. to finish to cleanC3. We must find a room big enough _.A.for all of us to live B. for all of us to live inC. to live in all of us D. of all of us to liveB
11、4. _a teacher , I should set a good example to students. A. Being B. Having been C. To be D. As I beingA5. _a teacher ,one must first be their pupil .A. Being B. Having been C. To be D. To have beenA6. It was stupid _ your advice.A.for me not to take B. for me not takingC. of me not to take D. of me
12、 not takingCIts no use / good + doing sth., 不 用to do sth. 辨别：Its no use to tell him about that. (wrong) Its no use telling him about that. （right)动词不定式作宾语补足语 2使役动词let, have, make及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。 Lets have a rest. 我们休息一会吧。I saw him come in. 我看见他进来了。感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾
13、补，也可跟v-ing 作宾补，前者表示动作的全部过程已结束；后者表示动 作正在进行。I saw him come downstairs.我看见他下了楼。（说明他 下楼了这件事）I saw him coming downstairs.我看见他在下楼。（说明 他下楼时的情景）注 意动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（2点） 1有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾 语，但含义不同：remember to do 记住要做某事；remember doing 记得 曾经做过某事forget to do忘记要做某事 forget doing 忘记曾经做过 某事stop to do 停下来去做某事 stop
14、doing 停止做某事go on to do 继续做另一件事 go on doing 继续做原来在 做的事I remember seeing you somewhere before. 我记得以前在哪儿见过你。Please remember to turn off the light when you leave.离开时请记得关好灯。 动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组 1 stop to do stop doing 2 forget to do forget doing 3 remember to do remember doing 4 regret to do(要做) regret doing(已做 ) 5 cease to do cease doing 6 try to do try doing 7 go on to do go on doing 8 afraid to do不敢 afraid of doing 生怕 9 mean to do mean doing 4 regret doing/to do regret to do 对要做的事遗憾。 (未做) regret doing 对做过的事遗憾、后悔。 (已做) I regret t
