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1、Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语1advantage n. 有利条件；优势；利益；好处常用搭配have an advantage over 优越于be to your advantage 对你有利be at an advan
2、tage 占优势gain/seek advantage 得到/谋求优势take advantage of sb. (不公正地)利用某人；占某人便宜take advantage of sth. (巧妙地)利用某物to good advantage 表现出优点；有利地Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语For certain types of work wood has an advantage over plastic.对对于某些类类型的制品来讲讲，木头头强于塑料。Candidates with
3、computer skills will be at an advantage.具有电脑电脑 技能者优优先。Dont lend them the cartheyre taking advantage of you.不要把汽车车借给给他们们他们们在利用你。I took advantage of the good weather to paint the shed.我趁天气好给给棚屋刷上了油漆。Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语知识拓展advantageous adj. 有利的；有益的disadv
4、antage n不利条件Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语即学即用Those with the ability to speak a foreign language will have an _ over other applicants.Aadvantage BadventureCadvance Dacademic答案：AModule 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语2condition n. 条件；
5、情形；环境；社会地位；vt. 以为条件；使达到要求The car is in very good condition.这辆汽车情况良好。The patients condition is critical.病人情况危急。Regular exercise conditions the body for strenuous activity.经常锻炼使身体适应剧烈活动。The gift to the boy was conditioned on his good behavior.给孩子的礼物是以他的表现好坏为条件的。Module 5 Great People and Great Inventio
6、ns of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语知识拓展on condition that 条件是on no condition 绝不要make it a condition that. 以为条件be in an interesting condition 有喜；有孕be in good condition 身体很好；完好无误be out of condition 身体不适be in (a) condition (to do a thing) 能做；有做的条件be in no condition to (身体状况)不适宜Module 5 Great People and Great I
7、nventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语词语辨析condition, state与situation 都含有“情况”的意思。1)condition 指“由于一定的原因、条件或环境所产生的特定情况”。His condition will not permit him to travel.他的情况将不允许他旅游。2)state 是常用词，指“人或物存在或所处的状态”，但不着重于“这种状态和具体原因或条件的关系”。He is in a good state.他身体健康。Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancie
8、nt China外 研 版 英 语3)situation 指多种具体情况造成的综综合状态态，常着重这这种状态态的影响或处处于该该状态态的事物的关系。We are in a difficult situation.我们们正处处于困境。Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语知识拓展conditional adj. 有条件的；引起条件反应的conditionally adv.有条件地Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外
9、研 版 英 语高考直击(2010辽宁31)I agree to his suggestion _ the condition that he drops all charges.Aby BInC. on D. to 解析：句意：我同意他的建议，条件是他放弃所有指控。 考查介词用法。介词on 和the condition that一起相当一个连词，引导条件状语从句，意思是“条件是，以为条件”。答案：CModule 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语即学即用She is in a poor _ of healt
10、h, which worries her mother a lot.Aposition BsituationCstate Dcondition答案：CModule 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语3until的用法1)until和till用于肯定句中，主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。如live, wait, last, love, like, dislike, stay, work等。He watched TV until/till mid
11、night last night.他昨天晚上看电视一直到了半夜。(until/till是介词)I waited for him until/till he came back.我一直等到他回来。(until/till是连词)Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语2)until用于否定句中，其句型为为not.until/not.till，意为为“直到才”或“在之前不(没有)”，通常与非延续续性动词连动词连 用，强调调主句所表示的状态态或情景到until/till所表示的时间时间 才发发生，主句必须须
12、是否定句，表示非延续续性的动词动词 有come, go, leave, meet, realize, understand, reach, get, arrive at等。He didnt go home until ten oclock.他直到10点钟钟才回家。(go home的动动作是在10点钟钟才发发生的)注意：until引导导的状语语从句可以放在句首，但till引导导的状语语从句则则不可以。Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语3)until与否定词词not同时时位于句首时时(not un
13、til)，主语语和谓语谓语 必须须倒装。Not until Sunday did he finish his work.直到星期天他才完成了工作。4)It was not until.是一个not until的强调调句型。It is(was)被强调调部分that其他部分。It was not until I got home that I realized I had lost my keys.直到到家了，我才发现发现 我的钥钥匙丢丢了。(该该句强调调了not until I got home)其原句为为：I didnt realize I had lost my keys until I g
14、ot home.Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语注意：not until用于强调句式时，无论是until从句还是that后连接的其余部分都不用倒装，因为只有not until放在句首时，主句才倒装，而且连词that不可以省略。Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语5)until引导导的是时间时间 状语语从句，因此表达将来的情况应应用一般现现在时时代替一般将来时时。Well stay here u
15、ntil he comes back.我们们要待在这这儿，直到他回来。6)until只能指时间时间 ，不能指空间间，指空间间要用as far as。We walked as far as the end of the road.我们们一直走到了路的尽头头。Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语高考直击(1)(2009江西)It was _ he came back from Africa that year _ he met the girl he would like to marry.A. w
16、hen; then B. not; untilC. not until; that D. only; when解析：考查了“notuntil”句式在强调句中的用法。在强调句中对until引导的时间状语从句进行强调时，not也应一块提前。答案：CModule 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China外 研 版 英 语(2)(2010江西33) Not until he left his home _ to know how important the family was for him.A. did he begin B. had he begun C. he began
