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1、Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.教 学 目 标以难词难句为突破口，掌握好高考 文言句子翻译的方法技巧。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. C
2、reated with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.对译法 翻译的基本方法一般指把原文中的文言单音词对译为 现代汉语的双音或多音词。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for
3、.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.例2：忧劳可以兴国逸豫可以/亡 身/ / / / / / / / / / 译文：忧虑辛劳可以国家使 兴盛 ， 安逸享乐可以自身使 灭亡 。例1：师者，所以传道授业解惑也。 译文：/ / / / / / / / / / 疑难问题老师，（是） 用来 的。传授道理教授 学业
4、解答 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.(1)从高考的特点与考查目的出发,文 言文翻译要严格遵循的两个原则： 一是忠于原文,力求做到 二是字字落实,以 为主,以 为 辅 （2
5、）文言文“六字翻译法” ：信达 雅 直译 意译 留、补、删、换、调、贯1信:忠于原文内容和每个句子的含义, 不随意增减内容。 2达:符合现代汉语的表述习惯，语言 通畅,语气不走样。 3雅:用简明、优美、富有文采的现代 文译出原文的语言风格和艺术水准来。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004
6、-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.留凡朝代、年号、人名、地名、书名、器 物名、官职等专有名词或现代汉语也通用 的词，皆保留不动。例： 赵惠文王十六年 庐陵文天祥 汝今得与李、杜齐名。范滂传 4.此沛公左司马曹无伤言之。鸿门宴 5.与苍梧太守吴巨有旧。六字翻译法方法指津Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for
7、.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.（发语词）（句中停顿助词）（语气助词）如：夫赵强而燕弱城北徐公，齐国之美丽者也师道之不传也久矣“其闻道也固先乎吾” 备他盗之出入与非常也去来江口守空船填然鼓之删 把无实义或没必要译出的衬词、虚 词、偏义复词中无实意的一方等删 去。 （偏义复词）（结构助词）（音节助词）（助词，无译）Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Sli
8、des for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.换 翻译时把古代词汇换成现代汉语。 基本模式是把单音节词换成双音节词， 通假字换成本字，古今异义、词类活用词 换成现代汉语。 例： 疏屈平而信上官大夫。疏远、信任（单换双）若能以吴越之众与中国抗衡。中原（古今异义） 天下云集响应，赢粮而景从。如同云一样
9、（名作状 ）4、学而时习之，不亦说乎。说悦 （通假字）Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.字字落实夫战，勇气也。追亡逐北删留作战，靠的是勇气。追击逃亡北方的人。换追击败逃的人。
10、大丈夫作战，靠的是勇猛的力气。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Sl
11、ides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.调 调整语序。文言文中一些特殊句式:如宾 语前置、定语后置、状语后置、主谓倒 装等，要按照现代汉语的语法规范调整 语序。蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强。 3.青，取之于蓝，而青于蓝。定语后置沛公安在？例：主人下马客在船秦时明月汉时关 另外有些不调整就难以理解
12、的句子如互文：宾语前置状语后置Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.补：补出文句中省略了的内容（主语 、谓语、宾语、介词等） 例：沛公谓张良曰：“ 度我至军中，公乃入。” ( 你
13、)夫战，勇气也。一鼓作气，再 而衰，三 而竭 。竖子，不足与 谋。将军战 河北，臣战 河南。（鼓）（鼓）（之）（于）（省略主语）（省略谓语）（省略宾语）（省略介词）（于）Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011
14、Aspose Pty Ltd.贯： 指要根据上下文语境，灵活贯通地 翻译。这个“贯”就是“意译”。 太史公牛马走，司马迁再拜言：司马迁报任安书 （注：牛马走，像牛马一样的人。此处为作者自谦词）译：太史公、愿为您效犬马之劳的司马迁拜了又拜说有席卷天下，包举宇内，囊括四海之意，并吞八荒之心。译：（秦）有并吞天下，统一四海的雄心。然陈涉瓮牖绳枢之子，氓隶之人，而迁徙之徒也。译：但是陈涉不过是个贫家子弟，又是被迁谪戍边的兵卒。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile
15、5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.1、竹床一，坐以之，木榻一，卧以之。2、吾为物所苦，亟起索烛照。3、何必以所能而责人所不能。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Asp
16、ose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.1、竹床一，坐以之，木榻一，卧以之。2、吾为物所苦，亟起索烛照。3、何必以所能而责人所不能。调一把竹床，用它来坐，一张木床，用它来躺。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty
