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1、1 阅读理解判断推理题解题技巧深圳中学 李芳胜1. (1). (2). 2. (1) It can be inferred from the text that _.(2) From the text we know that _.(3) The story implies that _.(4) The paragraph in the following passage will most probably be _.(5) The writer s attitude toward is _.3. Example 1 One day a man walked into a pet shop
2、and said to the shop assistant，I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches(蟑螂 ) and two spiders.What do you need these things for? the shop assistant was very surprised.Well replied the man，I m moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the sa
3、me condition as I found it.Q：The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house，it was _. A. very cleanB. just cleaned by the landlordC. tidy and comfortable2 D. dirty and full of insects解析：要恢复原样须买些老鼠和蟑螂等昆虫，因此推出答案为DWe walked in so quietly that the nurse at the desk didnt even lift her ey
4、es from the book. Mum pointed at a big chair by the door and I knew she wanted me to sit down. While I watched mouth open in surprise, Mum took off her hat and coat and gave them to me to hold. She walked quietly to the small room by the lift and took out a wet mop. She pushed the mop past the desk
5、and as the nurse looked up, Mum nodded and said, “Very dirty floors.“ “Yes, Im glad theyve finally decided to clean them,“ the nurse answered. She looked at Mum strangely and said, “But arent you working late?“ Mum just pushed harder, each swipe( 拖一下 ) of the mop taking her farther and farther down
6、the hall. I watched until she was out of sight and the nurse had turned back to writing in the big book. After a long time Mum came back. Her eyes were shining. She quickly put the mop back and took my hand. As we turned to go out of the door, Mum bowed politely to the nurse and said, “Thank you.“ O
7、utside, Mum told me, “Dagmar is fine. No fever.“ “You saw her, Mum?“ “Of course. I told her about the hospital rules, and she will not expect us until tomorrow. Dad will stop worrying as well. Its a fine hospital. But such floors! A mop is no good. You need a brush.“ 1. When she took a mop from the
8、small room what Mum really wanted to do was _. A. to clean the floor B. to please the nurse C. to see a patientD. to surprise the story-teller 2. After reading the story what can we infer about the hospital? A. It is a childrens hospital. B. It has strict rules about visiting hours. C. The condition
9、s there arent very good. D. The nurses and doctors there dont work hard. 3. Which of the following words best describes Mum? A. strangeB. warm-hearted C. cleverD. hard-working 1. 运用文段所叙述或描绘的事件背景提供的信息进行推理判断第 1 道题要求读者判断“妈妈 “从一间小房间拿拖把的真正意图是什么。应该说除了D 选项与文段的信息完全无关外，其它三个选项相互间都有一定的干扰性，但只要我们注意到文段所叙述的事件的背景是在
10、一家医院，再结合文段末尾作者与母亲之间的对话，就不难判断该题3 的正确答案是C 选项。因为就常识而言，人们去医院的目的不外乎两个：1. 就诊； 2. 探视病人。 A 选项展现的只是一种表面现象，不是“妈妈 “拿拖把的 “真正 “目的；而 “妈妈 “去小房间拿拖把时是 “轻轻地 “走过去的，显然，也不是为了“取悦 “护士，所以A、B 两个选项都不符合文意。2. 运用已有的经验、经历或常识进行推理判断上文的第2 道题要求读者判断所给的四个选项中那一个符合医院的实际情况。由于文段中没有相关的信息支持A 选项，因此，可以排除；C、D 两个选项与文段最后一段中“妈妈 “说的“Its a fine hos
11、pital“ 有矛盾，因此，也可以排除。 文段的第一句提到“We walked in so quietly that the nurse at the desk didnt even lift her eyes from the book“ 。根据常识我们知道，人们“轻轻地走“的原因无非存在两种可能性：1. 保持安静； 2.避免被发现。联系到“妈妈 “是冒充清洁工进入病房的，探视“Dagmar“时又提起 “hospital rules“ ，因此可以断定“我们如此轻轻地走进去“的目的不是为了“保持安静 “，而是 “避免 “被护士发现， 从而可以进一步推断出“避免 “被护士发现的原因是因为医院对探
12、视病人的时间有严格规定，所以B 选项是正确的。3. 紧扣主题或话题，避免掉入细节事实的陷阱有些题目要求读者根据文段的相关信息对文中人物的性格、心理状况、心智或品质作出判断，这时一定要扣紧文段的主题或话题，不要受一些细节事实的干扰。例如， 上文的第 3 题实际上是要读者判断“妈妈 “是一个什么样的人。A、B 两个选项与文段提供的信息没有任何联系，可以排除。从文段中描绘的“妈妈 “拿起拖把为医院拖地这一细节事实来看，似乎可以用warm-hearted 这个词来形容她的品质。但是，只要记住文段主要叙述的是“?妈妈 是如何在规定探望病人的时间之外进入病房探望Dagmar 这一话题，就不难判断“妈妈 “
13、拿拖把拖地的最终目的是什么，从而进一步得出结论：只有用clever 这个词描绘 “妈妈 “才最合适。课堂测试：1. B （2009年天津高考试题）I am a writer. I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of languagethe way it can evoke （唤起） an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth. Language is the tool of my trade. And I use them all al
14、l the Englishes I grew up with. Born into a Chinese family that had recently arrived in California, I ve been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks. Like others, I have described it to people as broken English. But feel embarrassed to say that. It has always bothered me that I
15、can think of no way to describe it other than broken , as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it 4 lacked a certain wholeness. I ve heard other terms used, limited English, for example. But they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, inc luding people s perceptions（认识） of the li
16、mited English speaker. I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up, my mother s limited English limited my perception of her. I was ashamed of her English. I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say. That is ,because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect. And I had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and
