《高中生物必修三内环境稳态的重要性》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中生物必修三内环境稳态的重要性（22页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、第1章 人体的内环境与稳态第第2 2节节 内环境稳态的重要性内环境稳态的重要性Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.内环境的动态变化Evaluation only.Evaluat
2、ion only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.内环境概念：人体内的细胞外液，构成了体内细胞生活的液 态环境，这个液态环境叫做人体的内环境。复习：血浆淋巴组织 液细胞 内液Evaluation only.Evaluation only
3、. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.给婴儿测体温Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0
4、.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.皮肤结构模式图Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0
5、. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.成员上午6h 上午10h中午12h 下午2h傍晚6h晚上9h母亲37.0 37.2 37.3 37.4 37.2 37.1 父亲36.8 37.0 37.1 37.3 37.1 36.9 自己 （成年）37.1 37.3 37.4 37.5 37.3 37.1 调查体温的日变化规律Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile
6、 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.人体体温的昼夜变动Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profi
7、le 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Asp
8、ose Pty Ltd.我们一起讨论后，可以得到以下一些结论；1.正常人的体温并不是一个固定值，而是一个温度范围, 一般不超过1。而且，同一个人的体温随昼夜变化也 不同。2.不同年龄的人的体温有差异，一般年轻者高于年老者 。3.不同性别的人的体温也有差异，一般女子高于男子。结论：健康人的体温始终接近37 ，处于动态平衡中。看一看Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5
9、 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 内环境的理化性质除温度外，还有渗透压 、酸碱度，内环境的渗透压是否也处于动 态平衡中呢？请举例说明。 如：输液必须输生理盐水、多饮多尿、吃 太咸就喝多水等。吸水胀破吸水胀破失水皱缩失水皱缩Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with A
10、spose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.内环境的动态变化健康人的内环境的每一项成分和理化性质都处于动态平衡中。正常机体通过调节作用，使各个器官、系统协正常机体通过调节作用，使各个器官、系统协调活动，共同维持内环境的相对稳定状态叫做稳态调活动，共同维持内环境的相对稳定状态叫做稳态。包括水、无机盐、各种营养物质、代谢产物、pH值、渗透压、温度等多个方面的相对稳定。Evaluation only.Eva
11、luation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.稳态是怎样实现的？对稳态调节机制的认识内环境稳态与消化、呼吸、循环、泌尿系统的功能联系示意图Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created wi
12、th Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.稳态是怎样实现的？目前普遍认为：神经目前普遍认为：神经体液体液免疫免疫法国贝尔纳：神经系统法国贝尔纳：神经系统美国坎农：神经调节和体液调节美国坎农：神经调节和体液调节Evaluation only.Evaluation onl
13、y. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.酸性食物Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.
14、Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.碱性食物海带、蔬菜豆制品酸奶、水果Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profil
15、e 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.孩子经常过食大鱼大肉，会使体内的酸性物质积聚，血 液就会偏酸性，人体的内环境就开始恶化，便出现了极不健 康的“酸性体质”，可使孩子出现头晕、焦躁、便秘、失眠、 疲劳、抵抗力下降，易患上呼吸道感染等。由于血液的粘度 增加了，还可使动脉硬化。如果摄入酸性食物过多，大大超过体内调整PH系统的 限度，那就会使体内PH位失衡，进而引起酸碱平衡破坏。摄入酸性食物过多的危害. 酸性食物过多影响孩子的体质Evaluation only.Evaluat
16、ion only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.近年来的研究还发现：儿童孤独症的发生发展与 过量食用酸性食物密切相关。这主要是由于“酸性体质 ”使参与正常发育和维持大脑生理功能的钾、钙、镁、 锌等元素大量消耗掉，引起思维紊乱，而使孩子患上 孤独症。儿童孤独症是儿童较为常见的一种心理障碍 性疾病，患儿表现为淡漠、迟钝、沉默寡言，或过于 敏感、偏激易怒、不愿与人交往等。英国科学家发现：人体大脑液的酸碱性与智商有 关，也就是说在体液酸碱性允许的范围内（即PH值为 6.87.5，酸性偏高时（即PH值偏低时）智商低；碱 性偏高时（
