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1、第三节 氧化还原反应Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides
2、for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.火箭的升空，需要燃料 的燃烧。燃料燃烧过程 中伴随着很多化学变化 和物理变化，伴随着许 多能量的转化。今天我 们来学习一类重要的化 学反应氧化还原反应Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Sl
3、ides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.高温高温高温反应应 类类型举举例表示式化合反 应应C+O2=CO2A+B=AB分解反 应应CaCO3=CaO+CO2AB=A+B置换换反 应应C+2CuO=2Cu+CO2A+BC=AC+B复分解 反应应AgNO3+NaCl=AgCl +NaNO3AB
4、+CD=AD+CB1.化学反应的分类 ；小结：四种基本反应类型是根据反应物、生成物的类别及反应 前后物质种类的多少来划分的。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.1CO2+C2C
5、O，从CO2来看是 反应，从C来看是 反应。2C+H2O CO+H2，从C来看是 反应，从H2O来看是 反应。3.CuO+H2 Cu+H2O,从Cu来看是 反应，从H2来看是 反应。还原反应氧化反应氧化反应还原反应还原反应氧化反应氧化反应和还原反应一定是同时发生!Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyrigh
6、t 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.属于上面四种类型中的哪种？Fe2O3 失氧，被还原，发生还原反应CO 得氧，被氧化，发生氧化反应两者有机 统一，缺 一不可一种物质被还原，另一种物质被氧化的反应 叫氧化还原反应Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile
7、 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.完成下列反应的方程式，并从得失氧的角 度分析是否为氧化还原反应？（1）木炭还原氧化铜（2）氢气还原氧化铜（3）氢气在氯气中燃烧 结论：反应前后有元素化合价升降的化学 反应就是氧化还原反应氧化反应：物质所含元素化合价升高的反应。还原反应：物质所含元素化合价降低的反应。氧化还原反应的特征：反应前后有元素 化合价发生升降Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides fo
8、r .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET
9、3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyrig
10、ht 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created w
11、ith Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.元素化合价和电子得失的关系化合价升高，被氧化化合价降低，被还原2Na + Cl2 = 2NaCl 00+11NaNa+ClClCl-Na+电子转移元素化合价数离子化合物： 该元素一个原子得失电子数化合价升高数 失去的电子数化
12、合价降低数 得到的电子数失去电子的反应就是氧化反应得到电子的反应就是还原反应Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.氧化还原反应的实质:电子的转移(得失或偏移) 失电子 化合价升高
13、 氧化反应 总数相等 总数相等 同时发生 得电子 化合价降低 还原反应 实质 特征Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.氧化还原反应 :一种物质被氧化,同时一种被还原的反应 2
14、定义: 凡有电子转移(得失或偏移)的反应叫氧化还原反应.1 特征:反应 前后元素化合价发生变化3 实质: 电子的转移氧化反应: 失电子的的反应( 特征:元素化合价升高 )还原反应: 得到电子的反应( 特征:元素化合价降低 )小结Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose
15、 Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.从化合价升降的角度判断下列反应是否属 于 氧化还原反应， 1NH4HCO3 NH3+CO2+H2O 2.CaCl2+Na2CO3 = CaCO3+2NaCl 3Zn+CuSO4=Cu+ZnSO4 42FeCl2+Cl2=2FeCl3 52Na+2H2O=2NaOH+H2Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slide
16、s for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.属于氧化还原反应的离子方程式的是（ ）ACaCO32H+ Ca2+CO2H2O B2Fe2+Cl2 2Fe3+2ClCHCO3+ CO2H2O D2Na2H2O 2Na+2OHH2 BEvaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Create
