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1、政治与管理科学学院政治与管理科学学院第十八章第十八章 西方主要国家公务员制度西方主要国家公务员制度Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.政治与管理科学学院政治与管理科学学院第一节
2、第一节 美国公务员制度美国公务员制度Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.一、公务员制度的沿革及基本原则（一）公务员制度的产生与发展（二）公务员制度的基本原则1.公开竞争 2.平
3、等对待3.同工同酬 4.良好公德5.保证高效 6.严格要求7.加强培训 8.保持中立9.保障权利Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.二、联邦公务员结构体系及管理机构（一）联邦公
4、务员的范围（二）联邦人事管理机构的构成1.美国人事管理总署2.功绩制保护委员会3.联邦劳雇关系局Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.（三）公务员管理工作的若干特点1.美国公务员
5、的管理严格地运转在法制的轨道上。 2.美国公务员制度改革注意保持原有制度的精华 3.人事管理机构具有良好的服务功能 4.加强宏观管理，适当下放权力。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty
6、Ltd.三、公务员考试录用制度（一）适用范围（二）考试录用工作程序及方法1.招考2.考试3.选用4.试用Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.四、公务员职位分类制度（一）职位分类
7、制度的沿革（二）职位分类制度的效益1.有利于公平合理的酬劳计划的建立2.有利于获得职位的最佳人选3.有利于人事考察4.使人员的升调较为合理5.有助于预算管理6.划一的业务用语，方便工作，便于统计7.增进效率Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Co
8、pyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.五、公务员工资制度（一）工资管理体制（二）工资体系1.一般行政工资2.驻外人员工资3.退伍军人局医务人员工资Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-201
9、1 Aspose Pty Ltd.六、公务员的培训制度（一）培训工作的管理（二）培训原则1.培训要与工作或事业有关2.培训要与提高公务员的潜在能力有关3.培训要有益于提高机构的工作效率4.培训对公务员个人也有利Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.
10、Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.七、公务员的退休制度（一）退休制度的建立（二）退休金的构成1.社会保险津贴2.基本津贴3.储蓄投资Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 A
11、spose Pty Ltd.八、政府行政监督与监察（一）公务员行为规范的内容（二）监督和监察机构1.伦理道德办公室2.监察办公室3.总顾问室Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.
12、九、美国公务员制度的特点1.美国政府机关实行严格的职位分类制度2.特别注重功绩制原则3.强调具有专长知识结构Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.十、美国公务员制度的改革及启示1
13、.由过程导向转变为结果导向2.由集中管理转变为授权管理3.由刚性规则管理转变为弹性管理4.由服从性管理转变为激励性管理（一）改革的原则Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.（二）
14、启示1.公务员制度需要通过改革来实现与时代同步发展 2.公务员制度改革应该注重解决结构性问题和开拓性空间。 3.公务员制度可以借鉴企业人力资源管理的某些概念及方法。 4.公务员管理的理念与形式由人事管理转变为人力资源管理。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pt
15、y Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.政治与管理科学学院政治与管理科学学院第二节第二节 英国公务员制度英国公务员制度Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspos
16、e Pty Ltd.一、英国公务员制度的历史沿革（一）公务员制度基本原则确立阶段（二）现代公务员制度的建立阶段（三）战后文官制度的改革阶段Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.二、英国公务员制度的特点1.英国公务员制度无正式的公务员法2.英国公务员的地位等级森严3.英国强调公务员具有通才知识结构4.英国的高级公务员享有特权Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Sli
