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1、1第一章 绪论第一章 绪论第一节 汽车用纺织品的分类 第二节 纺织材料在汽车内饰上的应用部位 第三节 对装饰性纺织品的要求 第四节 汽车用纺织品的发展现状2我们日常接触最多的纺织品不外乎服用纺织品、室 内装饰用纺织品（窗帘、床上用品等），其实纺织 品的应用领域远远不限于此，在当今工业、农业、 交通、水利、航空航天、医疗卫生、体育等领域纺 织品都有非凡的表现。这门课程重点介绍其中的一 个应用领域汽车用纺织品。3A Technical textile is a textile product manufactured for non-aesthetic purposes, where functi
2、on is the primary criterion. Technical textiles include textiles for automotive applications, medical textiles (e.g., implants), geotextiles (reinforcement of embankments), agrotextiles (textiles for crop protection), and protective clothing (e.g., heat and radiation protection for fire fighter clot
3、hing, molten metal protection for welders, stab protection and bulletproof vests, and spacesuits).4Table 1-1 Main application areas for technical textiles Category Application areas Agrotech 农用类 Agriculture, horticulture and forestry Buildtech 建筑类 Building and construction Clothtech 服装类 Technical co
4、mponents of shoes and clothing Geotech 土工类 Geotextiles, civil engineering Hometech 家装类 Components of furniture, upholstery and floor covering Indutech 工业类 Filtration, cleaning, conveyor belts Medtech 医用类 Hygiene and medical Mobiltech 交通类 Cars and trucks, shipping, railway and aerospace Oekotech 环保类
5、Environmental protection Packtech 包装类 Packaging Protech 防护类 Personal and property protection Sporttech 体育类 Sport and leisure Technical textiles can be divided into many categories, depending on their end use.56 Agrotech (Agro-textiles) Textiles used in Agriculture are termed as agro textiles. They a
6、re used for crop protection, fertilization, . The essential properties required are strength, elongation, stiffness, and bio- degradation, resistance to sunlight and resistance to toxic environment. All these properties help with the growth and harvesting of crops and other foodstuffs. There is a gr
7、owing interest in using materials which gradually degrade (biodegradables).7 农用类：防寒防冻材料、遮阳防旱材料、防鸟防虫材科、防草膜、保温保湿材料、果树保 护材料、育苗播种基材、植物培育基材8 Buildtech (Construction Textiles) Textiles used in construction - concrete reinforcement, interior construction, insulations, proofing materials, air conditioning,
8、noise prevention, visual protection, protection against the sun, building safety. An interesting and astethic appealing application is the use of textile membranes for roof construction. This area is also referred to as textile architecture. PVC coated high tenacity PES (Polyethersulfone, 聚醚砜树 脂), t
9、eflon coated glass fibre fabrics or silicone coated PES are used for their low creep properties（蠕变性 能）. Splendid examples of such construction are found in football stadia, airports and hotels.9蠕变：固体材料在保持应力不变的条件下，应变随时 间延长而增加的现象。它与塑性变形不同，塑性变形 通常在应力超过弹性极限之后才出现，而蠕变只要应 力的作用时间相当长，它在应力小于弹性极限时也能 出现。10 建筑类：
10、防水材料、纤维增强材料、膜结构材料11 Clothtech (Clothing Textiles) Clothtech segment of technical textiles mainly comprises of textile components used for specific functional applications in garments and shoes. These components are largely hidden e.g. interlinings in shirts, sewing threads, shoe laces, labels, hook
11、and loop fasteners (Velcro), etc. 12 服装类13 Geotech (Geo-textiles) These are used in reinforcement of embankments or in constructional work. The fabrics in geo textiles are permeable fabrics and are used with soils having ability to separate, filter, protect or drain. The application areas include ci
12、vil engineering, earth and road construction, dam engineering, soil sealing and in drainage systems. The fabric used in it must have good strength, durability, low moisture absorption and thickness. Mostly nonwoven and woven fabrics are used in it. Synthetic fibers like glass, polypropylene and acry
13、lic fibers are used to prevent cracking of the concrete, plastic and other building materials. Polypropylene and polyester are used in geo textiles and dry/liquid filtration due to their compatibility.14 土工类未使用土工合成材料使用土工合成材料151617 Hometech (Domestic Textiles) Textiles used in a domestic environment
14、- interior decoration and furniture, carpeting, protection against the sun, cushion materials, fireproofing, floor and wall coverings, textile reinforced structures/fittings.18 家装类19 Indutech (Industrial Textiles) Textiles used for chemical and electrical applications and textiles related to mechani
15、cal engineering. Silk- screen printing, filtration, plasma screens, propulsion technology, lifting/conveying equipment, sound- proofing elements, melting processes, roller covers, grinding technology, insulations, seals, fuel cell, etc. This category of technical textiles has a market share of 15%.
16、20过滤材料 工业类21过滤材料22电子工业23 Medtech (Medical textiles) These are commonly used in bandages and sutures (stitching the wounds). Not all the textile fibers can be used here, because their performances depend upon interaction with the cells and different fluids produce by the body. Sutures and wound dressing uses fibers like silk and other synthetic fibers. Hollow synthetic fibers are used with nano or very small particles are u
