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1、*2013届高考物理复习课件Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*第第1919讲讲 万有引力与天体运动万有引力与天体运动曲线运动曲线运动 万有引力万有引力第四章第四章Evalu
2、ation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*编读互动1由于我国航天事业取得了举世瞩目的成就， 万有引力与航天运动问题也就成为近几年高考的重点 高考命题常以选择题为主，有时也以计算题形式出 现本
3、讲的主要内容是开普勒三定律、万有引力定律 万有引力定律在天体运动中的应用是本讲重点，天 体运动的最基本关系是万有引力提供天体运动的向心 力因此应使学生明确稳定的天体运动一般可视为匀 速圆周运动，可根据万有引力提供向心力，结合向心 力的不同表达式由牛顿第二定律列出关联方程Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyr
4、ight 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*2本讲教学可以按下面的思路安排：(1)通过例1和变式题加深对万有引力定律的理 解和应用(2)通过例2和变式题掌握计算中心天体的质量 及密度的一般方法(3)通过例3和变式题掌握天体表面重力加速度 的计算和应用Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET
5、 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*考点自主梳理 知识点一 万有引力定律 正比 反比 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-
6、2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.* 知识点二 开普勒三定律 焦点 面积 半长轴 公转周期 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 A
7、spose Pty Ltd.* 知识点三 天体运动问题的分析 匀速圆周 向心力 物体的重力 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*考向互动探究 探究考向一 关于万有引力的计算和
8、应用 【方法概述】 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides
9、 for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .
10、NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Co
11、pyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*【方法点拨】圆周运动是天体最主要的运行方式，天体做 圆周运动时万有引力提供向心力，地球绕太阳如 此，其他行星绕其母星的运动也是如此，要做好 相关运动规律和解题方法的迁移，如下面的变式 题Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 200
12、4-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*答案B Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*Evaluat
13、ion only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.* 探究考向二 中心天体 质量和密度的计算 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Sl
14、ides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*答案ACD Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Sl
15、ides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose
16、Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.*答案A Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011
