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1、语法互动(十一) 非谓语动词v中考考点v1动词不定式作主语、宾语、表语、宾语 补足语、定语、状语的用法。v2动名词的用法。v3现在分词和过去分词的用法。语法互动(十一) 非谓语动词v考点一 动词不定式 v动词不定式的构成： to动词原形。它没 有人称和数的变化。 v1作主语常用it作形式主语、将真正的主 语(动词不定式)置于句末。vTo ask the teacher for help is necessary. vIt is necessary to ask the teacher for help.v向老师求教是必要的。v2作宾语v(1)后接不定式作宾语的动词有： want, try, d
2、ecide, hope, need, wish, agree, expect, refuse, learn，remember, forget, would like/love等。如：语法互动(十一) 非谓语动词vI hope _ there before dark. v我希望天黑以前到那儿。v(2)在think, find, make等动词后通常用it作 形式宾语，而把不定式移至形容词之后，构成 “主语动词it(形式宾语)宾补(形容词/名词 )不定式”结构。如：vI found it difficult to solve the problem. v我发现解决这个问题很难。v3作宾语补足语v(
3、1)后面能接带to的不定式作宾补的动词有 ： tell，ask，allow，want，help，wish， teach，warn，invite，like，encourage等。 如：语法互动(十一) 非谓语动词to get vThe teacher told us _ Exercise 1.v老师要我们做练习一。v(2)在使役动词let，make，have和感官动 词see，hear, watch, notice, feel, find等后要 用不带to的动词不定式作宾补。但是，当上述 动词变为被动语态后，其后的不定式必须补上 to。如：vWe often hear her sing. 我们经
4、常听见她 唱歌。v被动语态： She is often heard to sing.v4作状语vLater he left home to work in different cities. v后来他离开家到不同的城市工作。语法互动(十一) 非谓语动词to do v5作定语(须后置)vI dont have a partner to practice English with.v我没有一个一起练习英语的同伴。v6作表语vTheir duty is _ the animals. v他们的职责是照看动物。v7. “疑问词不定式”结构v动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which, when, wh
5、ere, how等连用，构成不定式短语， 在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。 如：语法互动(十一) 非谓语动词to look after vHe doesnt know _. v他不知道要穿什么。(作宾语)vWhere to go has not been decided.v要去哪里还未决定。(作主语)v提醒 动词不定式的否定结构是： not to do sth。 语法互动(十一) 非谓语动词what to wear v考点二 动名词 v1作主语vPlaying computer games too much is bad for your eyes.过度地玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有 害。v
6、2作宾语v常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语有： enjoy, finish, consider, miss, keep, mind, practice, suggest, be busy, feel like, give up, cant help等。vHave you finished _ the book?v你读完这本书了吗？语法互动(十一) 非谓语动词reading v3作表语vThe nurses job is _ the patients.v护士的工作是护理病人。v4作定语vI often go to the _. 我 经常去阅览室。v提醒 有些词既可接不定式又可接v.ing 形 式作宾
7、语，但表达的意义不同，常见的有：v(1)stop to do sth停下来去做另外一件事(不 定式作目的状语)语法互动(十一) 非谓语动词looking after reading room vstop doing sth停止做某事(v.ing 作宾语)v(2)try to do sth 试图(企图)做某事 vtry doing sth尝试着做某事v(3)forget to do sth忘记要去做某事(还没做)vforget doing sth忘记做过了某事(已做)v(4)remember to do sth记着要去做某事(还 没做)vremember doing sth记得做过了某事(已做)
8、v(5)go on to do sth做完一件事后继续做另 外一件不同的事vgo on doing sth继续做原来所做的同一件 事v(6)need doing(某事)需要做(被动意思)vneed to do 需要去做某事(主动意思)语法互动(十一) 非谓语动词v考点三 分词v分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在 分词v.ing ，有主动、进行之意；过去分词v.ed ，有被动、完成之意。v1作定语vChina is a _ country. America is a _ country.v中国是一个发展中国家，美国是一个发达 国家。vI know the boy called Li Ming.
9、 v我认识那个叫李明的男孩。v2作表语vThe book is interesting. Im interested in it. v这本书很有趣。我对它感兴趣。语法互动(十一) 非谓语动词developing developed v3作宾语补足语vI saw her going upstairs.我看见她正在上 楼。vI want to have some photos taken. v我想拍几张照片。v4作状语vLaughing and talking, they went into the room.v他们有说有笑地走进了房间。vFaced with difficulties，we mu
10、st try to overcome them.在遇到困难的时候，我们必 须设法克服。 语法互动(十一) 非谓语动词v考点过关v用所给词的适当形式填空v1Its very nice of you _( help) me.v2Hes interested in _(play) chess.v3Please stop _ (smoke). Its bad for you.v4The kids had fun _ (swim) in the water.v5She didnt know which sweater _(choose)v6We decided _(visit) the Great Wa
11、ll.v7Id like you _ (go) shopping with me.v8Why not _ (join) an English club to practice _ (speak) English?语法互动(十一) 非谓语动词to help playing smoking swimming to choose to visit to go join speaking v9As we all know, its impolite to keep others _ (wait) for a long time.v10My computer doesnt work. I must have it _ (repair)v11They spent two hours _ (clean) the classroom.v12John used to _(get) up late, but now hes used to _ (get) up early. 语法互动(十一) 非谓语动词waiting repaired cleaning get getting
