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1、摘要随着机械产品的机电一体化和生产过程自动化程度的不断提高，机械工程测试系 统 越来越复杂，它已成为整个机械设备研制、开发、应用和教学过程中不可或缺的组成 部 分。 本文以PXI虚拟仪器为平台，完成了基于虚拟仪器的机械工程测试系统试验平台的 开发，该方法以常见机械测试量为基础，结合虚拟仪器技术，通过计算机和数据采集 卡 把硬件和软件结合在一起实现对基本机械量的测试分析。 首先，对目前的主要虚拟仪器平台从性能、价格、稳定性、可重复操作性等方面 做 了详细的对比，也与传统的机械测试系统做了对比，研究后最终选取NI公司的基于PXI 组合机箱和嵌入式计算机的虚拟仪器为试验平台进行试验开发。 其次，提出
2、系统的设计方案，系统采用功能模块进行组建设计。参考传统测试流 程， 设计软件系统的程序执行流程，从底层开发完成基本测试与控制功能的模块：信号采 集、 滤波、信号显示、时域分析、频域分析、信号的保存、备份、生成实验报告、数据读 取 等，利用所开发的测试系统完成了测试试验。 然后，在测试系统的总体设计中，建立数据库对数据进行存储、管理和查询，利 用 ADO技术的LabVIEW数据库访问包LabSQL访问数据。通过菜单编辑器对程序进 行编辑管理。编程遵循层次化顺序化结构。主体采用了顺序结构，通过上个模块结束 来 进入到下一模块。 再次，本文将最小二乘法曲线拟合和小波理论中的Mallat分解算法嵌入到
3、LabVIEW 中。为细化波形显示和分析起到了很好的作用。最后，通过实验，对本文设计的测试 系 统进行了压力、流量、位移试验，验证了测试系统的可行性。关键词：机械参数、测试系统、PXI 虚拟仪器、功能模块、小波分析AbstractWith the integration of mechanical and electrical machinery products and production processes continue to improve the degree of automation, mechanical engineering testing systemMore and
4、 more complex, it has become the whole machinery and equipment research, development, application and the teaching process of the indispensable component of the Department of Branch.Based on the PXI virtual instrument platform, completed the mechanical engineering based on virtual instrument test sy
5、stem test platformDevelopment, the method with common mechanical test as the basis, combined with the virtual instrument technology, through the computer and data acquisition cardThe hardware and software are combined together to achieve the basic mechanical quantity measurement and analysis.First o
6、f all, the main virtual instrument platform from the performance, price, stability, the operation can be repeated so as to doA detailed comparison, also with a traditional mechanical testing system to do comparative study, after the final selection of NI company based on PXICombined case and embedde
7、d computer virtual instrument for testing platform for test development.Secondly, put forward the system design, system function module design were established by. Traditional testing process,Design of the software system of the program implementation process, developed from the ground up to complet
8、e the basic test and control function modules: signal acquisition,Filter, signal display, time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis, signal storage, backup, spanning experimental report, data readSo, using the developed test system test test.Then, in the test system overall design, database fo
9、r data storage, management and query, useADO technology of LabVIEW database access package - LabSQL access data. Through the menu editor program intoLine editing management. Programming follows the hierarchical sequence structure. Subjects used a sequential structure, through the last end of the mod
10、ule toMove to the next module.Again, this will be the least square method for curve fitting and the wavelet theory in the Mallat decomposition algorithm is embedded into LabVIEWIn. Refinement of waveform display and analysis played a very good role. Finally, through the experiments, the design of te
11、st systemThe pressure, flow, displacement test, verify the feasibility of testing system.Key words: mechanical parameters, test system, virtual instrument, PXI function module, wavelet analysis摘要.2ABSTRACT.3目录.4第一章绪论.5第二章虚拟仪器平台及系统的构成.7第三章机械工程测试系统开发环境.13第四章机械测试系统的程序设计.20第五章测试系统的现场试验.38第六章结论.47参考文献.48致谢.49第一章 绪论11 机械工程测试系统概述测试是测量与试验的简称，测试中最基本的是测量。测量是利用各种装置对可观 测量(或称被测参数)进行定性和定量的过程。测试的基本任务是获取信息。测试是发 展和检验自然科学理论的实践基础。在工程技术领域，由于实际研究对象的复杂性， 很多
