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1、摘 要根据目前高频开关电源的研究现状，通过对比适合作软开关型逆变器的不同主电路拓扑结构，最终选取 IGBT 为逆变功率器件，采用能够输出较大功率的全桥式结构，配以高频变压器和高频整流电路构成本课题的主电路系统，并对高频大功率开关电源的主电路和控制电路进行了理论设计和参数估算。在主电路分析中主要讨论了高频变压器的设计，介绍了 IGBT 的特性，并对驱动电路、输出整流电路的设计要求进行了分析、研究。论文主要阐述和设计了一个高频直流焊机电源，电源控制系统以 80C196KC 为核心，采用移相 PWM 控制，逆变电源的软开关实现是通过相移芯片 UC3875 产生具有一定相序的脉冲去触发 IGBT，保证
2、其在零电流或零电压下通断。针对 CO2气体保护焊需要，系统通过霍尔电压传感器采样焊接电压，并将焊接电压反馈输入到单片机中与预置电压进行比较，再将误差经过 PI 运算，获得相应的控制量，经过 D/A 转换，输入到UC3875，最后通过 UC3875 的移相调节输出有一定相序的脉冲，经过驱动电路放大，最后触发 IGBT 通断，系统通过采用电压反馈实现电源恒压外特性控制。论文中对控制系统组成单元电路一一作了详细的说明，包括单片机最小系统、参数预置与显示电路、移相 PWM 产生电路、驱动电路等，另外，对控制系统中涉及到的过流保护、过/欠压保护、过热保护电路也作了必要的说明。控制系统经过一定的实验调试，
3、得到了初步结果。论文中给出了相关的实验波形，并对实验波形进行了分析、说明。论文针对本次设计的控制系统的后续研究工作提出了进一步实验及完善的建议，为研究大功率高频电源奠定了一定的基础。关键词关键词: :高频电源；逆变电源；高频电源；逆变电源；UC3875UC3875；移相控制；移相控制AbstractThe paper firstly introduces the history, development, actuality about the arc welding inverter and forecasts the foreground and trend of it. That is
4、to develop the inverter power source controled by microcomputer which adopts soft-switches. This researching task is put forward on the base of discussing the characteristics and virtues of the arc welding inverter. The paper chooses the main circuit of a inverter power source. That is a full-bridge
5、 configuration which cooperate with high frequency transformer and commutator. The design about high frequency transformer is given. The characteristics and virtues of IGBT are also studied. The amplified circuit and the commuted circuit are designed. The paper mostly researches and designs the soft
6、-switch control system. The microprocessor 80C196KC is the control kernel. The phase-shift chip UC3875 is adopted to produce four phase-shift pulse width modulate. Based on needs of cot welding, the control system samples the welding voltage by Hall element Voltage Sensors. The 80C196KC calculates d
7、ates and the chip MAX530 converts them into analogy signal, which is then modulated by UC3875 into four phase-shift pulses. At last the pulses are used to spring IGBT after they are magnified. The function of peripheral circuits and the function of all parts of system are given in the paper. These c
8、ircuits include the microprocessor circuit,the circuit used to give parameters and to show them, the PWM circuit, the circuit used to magnify. In addition, the safeguard circuit that mainly consists of over-current ;over-heat, over-voltage and low-voltage circuit are studied and designed in the pape
9、r. At last, some experiments about this control system are advised to do in the future and some improved advices are put forward so as to overcoming deficiency of the system and expected to make the whole system more reliable and more ideal.Key words: High frequency power supply, Inverter power sour
10、se, UC3875, Phase-shift目 录摘 要.IAbstract .II1 绪论.11.1 弧焊逆变电源的发展与展望.11.1.1 弧焊逆变电源的发展简史.11.1.2 弧焊逆变电源发展方向.11.2 弧焊逆变电源的特点和优点.31.3 本课题研究对象及设计方案与设计目标.32 弧焊逆变电源主电路选择与设计.52.1 主电路拓扑结构选择.52.2 软开关技术在逆变电源中的应用.62.2.1 硬性开关 PWM 逆变电路的局限.62.2.2 软开关技术在弧焊逆变器中的应用.72.2.3 不同软开关型逆变主电路性能.72.3 软开关型弧焊逆变器高频变压器的设计.112.3.1 高频变压器.112.4 开关器件的选择.122.4.1 功率开关器件性能比较.122.4.2 绝缘栅双极性晶体管.152.4.3 IGBT 对驱动电路的要求.182.5 抗干扰及吸收保护电路设计.182.5.1 绝缘栅双极晶体管保护电路.
