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1、美联储利率声明全文及翻译Information received since the Federal Open Market Committee met in October suggests that economic activity has been expanding at a moderate pace. Household spending and business fixed investment have been increasing at solid rates in recent months, and the housing sector has improved fu
2、rther; however, net exports have been soft. A range of recent labor market indicators, including ongoing job gains and declining unemployment, shows further improvement and confirms that underutilization of labor resources has diminished appreciably since early this year. Inflation has continued to
3、run below the Committee s 2% longer-run objective, partly reflecting declines in energy prices and in prices of non-energy imports. Market-based measures of inflation compensation remain low; some survey-based measures of longer-term inflation expectations have edged down. Consistent with its statut
4、ory mandate, the Committee seeks to foster maximum employment and price stability. The Committee currently expects that, with gradual adjustments in the stance of monetary policy, economic activity will continue to expand at a moderate pace and labor market indicators will continue to strengthen. Ov
5、erall, taking into account domestic and international developments,the Committee sees the risks to the outlook for both economic activity and the labor market as balanced. Inflation is expected to rise to 2% over the medium term as the transitory effects of declines in energy and import prices dissi
6、pate and the labor market strengthens further. The Committee continues to monitor inflation developments closely. The Committee judges that there has been considerable improvement in labor market conditions this year, and it is reasonably confident that inflation will rise, over the medium term, to
7、its 2% objective. Given the economic outlook, and recognizing the time it takes for policy actionsto affect future economic outcomes, the Committee decided to raise the target range for the federal funds rate to 0.25% to 0.5%. The stance of monetary policy remains accommodative after this increase,
8、thereby supporting further improvement in labor market conditions and a return to 2% inflation. In determining the timing and size of future adjustments to the target range for the federal funds rate, the Committee will assess realized and expected economic conditions relative to its objectives of m
9、aximum employment and 2% inflation. This assessment will take into account a wide range of information, including measures of labor market conditions, indicators of inflation pressures and inflation expectations, and readings on financial and international developments. In light of the current short
10、fall of inflation from 2%, the Committee will carefully monitor actual and expected progress toward its inflation goal. The Committee expects that economic conditions will evolve in a manner that will warrant only gradual increases in the federal funds rate; the federal funds rate is likely to remai
11、n, for some time, below levels that are expected to prevail in the longer run. However, the actual path of theof longer-term securities at sizable levels, should help maintain accommodative financial conditions. Voting for the FOMC monetary policy action were: Janet L. Yellen, Chair; William C. Dudl
12、ey, Vice Chairman; LaelBrainard; Charles L. Evans; Stanley Fischer; Jeffrey M. Lacker; Dennis P . Lockhart; Jerome H. Powell; Daniel K. Tarullo; and John C. Williams. 自联邦公开市场委员会10 月份召开会议以来所收到的信息表明，经济活动一直都在适度扩张。家庭支出和企业固定投资最近几个月来一直都在以稳固的速度增长，住房部门进一步改善；但是， 净出口则一直保持疲软。最近公布的一系列就业市场指标（其中包括非农就业人数的增长和失业率的下降
13、等）表明市场进一步改善，并确认自今年年初以来，劳工资源利用率不足的现象已经有所减弱。通货膨胀继续低于联邦公开市场委员会的长期目标，这部分反映了能源价格以及非能源进口产品价格的下跌。以市场为基础的通胀补偿指标仍处于较低水平，以调查报告为基础的一些长期通胀预期指标则略微有所下降。联邦公开市场委员会正在依据其法定使命来寻求培育最大就业和物价稳定。联邦公开市场委员会目前预计，通过逐步调整货币政策立场的方式，经济活动将以适度的步伐扩张，就业市场指标将继续增强。整体而言， 考虑到国内国际形势的发展，联邦公开市场委员会认为，经济活动和就业市场前景所面临的风险已经达到平衡。随着能源和进口产品价格下跌的暂时性影
14、响消散以及就业市场进一步增强，预计通货膨胀将在中期内上升至2%。联邦公开市场委员会将继续密切关注通货膨胀的形势发展。联邦公开市场委员会判定，今年就业市场上已经实现了相当大的改善，有理由相信通货膨胀将在中期内上升至2%目标。鉴于经济前景以及有关政策行动需要时间才能影响未来经济成果的认识， 联邦公开市场委员会决定将联邦基金利率上调至0.25%到 0.5%的目标区间。 在此次上调以后， 货币政策立场仍将保持宽松，从而为就业市场状况的进一步改善和通货膨胀重返 2%提供支持。为了判定联邦基金利率目标区间未来调整的时机选择和规模，联邦公开市场委员会将对有关其最大就业和2%通货膨胀目标的已实现和预期经济状况
15、进行评估。这种评估将把一系列广泛的信息考虑在内，包括有关就业市场状况的指标、通胀压力和通胀预期指标、以及有关金融和国际发展的读数等。鉴于目前通货膨胀尚未达到2%的形势，联邦公开市场委员会将仔细监控朝向通货膨胀目标的实际和预期将有的进展。联邦公开市场委员会预计，经济状况的发展仅可令其有理由逐步上调联邦基金利率；在一段时间之内，联邦基金利率很可能仍将保持在低于长期普遍值的水平。但是，联邦基金利率的实际道路将依赖于未来数据所表明的经济前景。在此次会议上投票支持联邦公开市场委员会货币政策行动的委员有：主席珍妮特耶伦（Janet L. Yellen） 、 副主席威廉 杜德利（William C. Dudley ） 、 莱尔布莱恩纳德（LaelBrainard） 、查尔斯埃文斯（Charles L. Evans ） 、 斯坦利 费希尔（Stanley Fischer） 、 杰弗里拉克尔（ Jeffrey M. Lacker） 、丹尼斯洛克哈特（Dennis P Lockhart） 、杰罗姆鲍威尔（Jerome H. Powell ） 、丹尼尔塔鲁洛（Daniel K. Tarullo）和约翰威廉姆斯（John C. Williams） 。
