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1、GENEVA CONVENTION ON TERRITORIAL SEA AND CONTIGUOUS ZONE, 1958 Whole document THE STATES PARTIES TO THIS CONVENTION HAVE AGREED as follows: PART I-TERRITORIAL SEA Section I. General Article 1 1. The sovereignty of a State extends, beyond its land territory and its internal waters, to a belt of sea a
2、djacent to its coast, described as the territorial sea. 2. This sovereignty is exercised subject to the provisions of these Articles and to other rules of international law. Article 2 The sovereignty of a coastal State extends to the air space over the territorial sea as well as to its bed and subso
3、il. Section II. Limits of the Territorial Sea Article 3 Except where otherwise provided in these Articles, the normal baseline for measuring the breadth of the territorial sea is the low-water line along the coast as marked on large-scale charts officially recognised by the coastal States. Article 4
4、 1. In localities where the coastline is deeply indented and cut into, or if there is a fringe of islands along the coast in its immediate vicinity, the method of straight baselines joining appropriate points may be employed in drawing the baseline from which the breadth of the territorial sea is me
5、asured. 2. The drawing of such baselines must not depart to any appreciable extent from the general direction of the coast, and the sea areas lying within the lines must be sufficiently closely linked to the land domain to be subject to the regime of internal waters. 3. Baselines shall not be drawn
6、to and from low-tide elevations, unless lighthouses or similar installations which are permanently above sea level have been built on them. 4. Where the method of straight baselines is applicable under the provisions of paragraph 1, account may be taken, in determining particular baselines, of econo
7、mic interests peculiar to the region concerned, the reality and the importance of which are clearly evidenced by a long usage. 5. The system of straight baselines may not be applied by a State in such a manner as to cut off from the high seas the territorial sea of another State. 6. The coastal Stat
8、e must clearly indicate straight baselines on charts, to which due publicity must be given. Article 5 1. Waters on the landward side of the baseline of the territorial seas form part of the internal waters of the State. 2. Where the establishment of a straight baseline in accordance with Article 4 h
9、as the effect of enclosing as internal waters areas which previously had been considered as part of the territorial seas or of the high sea, a right of innocent passage, as provided in Articles 14 to 23, shall exist in those waters. Article 6 The outer limit of the territorial sea is the line every
10、point of which is at a distance from the nearest point of the baseline equal to the breadth of the territorial sea. Article 7 1. This Article relates only to bays the coasts of which belong to a single State. 2. For the purposes of these Articles, a bay is a well-marked indentation whose penetration
11、 is in such proportion to the width of its mouth as to contain landlocked waters and constitute more than a mere curvature of the coast. An indentation shall not, however, be regarded as a bay unless its area is as large as, or larger than, that of the semi-circle whose diameter is a line drawn acro
12、ss the mouth of that indentation. 3. For the purpose of measurement, the area of an indentation is that lying between the low-water mark around the shore of the indentation and a line joining the low-water marks of its natural entrance points. Where, because of the presence of islands, an indentatio
13、n has more than one mouth, the semi-circle shall be drawn on a line as long as the sum total of the lengths of the lines across the different mouths. Islands within an indentation shall be included as if they were part of the water area of the indentation. 4. If the distance between the low-water ma
14、rks of the natural entrance points of a bay does not exceed twenty-four miles, a closing line may be drawn between these two low-water marks, and the waters enclosed thereby shall be considered as internal waters. 5. Where the distance between the low-water marks of the natural entrance points of a
15、bay exceeds twenty-four miles, a straight baseline of twenty-four miles shall be drawn within the bay in such a manner as to enclose the maximum area of water that is possible with a line of that length. 6. The foregoing provisions shall not apply to so-called “historic“ bays, or in any case where t
16、he straight baseline system provided for in Article 4 is applied. Article 8 For the purpose of delimiting the territorial sea, the outermost permanent harbour works which form an integral part of the harbour system shall be regarded as forming part of the coast. Article 9 Roadsteads which are normally used for the loading, unloading and anchoring of ships, and which would otherwise be situated wholly or partly out
