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1、上海交通大学硕士学位论文 第 V 页 定宽侧压机复合型模块的研制与应用定宽侧压机复合型模块的研制与应用 摘摘 要要 大侧压定宽（Sizing Press，简称 SP）是一项在线调宽技术，它可以提高连铸与轧钢的一体化水平。由于定宽压力机的现场工况十分恶劣，导致定宽压力机模块的工作面常常会出现大面积的裂纹，对轧钢生产带来重大隐患的同时也严重影响了其使用寿命。 由于目前国内钢铁企业所使用的进口模块价格过高，国产模块使用寿命有限。本文拟沿着仿制和自主研发的思路，采用实验室仿真试验、计算机模拟计算和现场试用情况对比相结合的方式，尝试在国内冶金企业中率先采用表面堆焊的方法，制造复合型定宽压力机模块，以提高
2、其使用寿命，降低设备成本。 在仿制堆焊焊条方面，本文采用一种仿制的铁基不锈钢焊条堆焊于定宽压力机模块的工作面。通过对其机械性能、高温硬度和堆焊层冲击性能的测试以及对堆焊层金相组织的分析说明，经过表面堆焊提高了侧压机模块的强度、高温硬度和抗冲击性能；堆焊层的组织是回火索氏体、先共析铁素体及球状碳化物；熔合区的金相组织是回火马氏体及少量回火索氏体。 在自主研发堆焊焊条方面，本文采用一种自主研制的 Ni-Cr-Mo-W镍基焊条堆焊于定宽压力机模块的工作面。通过取样，完成了力学性能实验、高温硬度实验、金相组织观察及堆焊层冲击性能实验。实验结果表明，模块镍基堆焊层内分布有呈片状的 相，它是高温合金的最主
3、要上海交通大学硕士学位论文 第 VI 页 的强化相；弥散分布的碳化物可以提高堆焊层的硬度。同时，相的存在有可以避免在高温状态下镍基堆焊层的硬度因碳化物聚集长大而出现的剧烈下降；堆焊层具有“准解理+韧窝”型的断口，其冲击值高于母材的断口冲击值。 本文的冷热疲劳实验采用由宝钢研究院设备研究所自主开发的感应加热式金属材料冷热疲劳试验装置，对上述两种堆焊材料进行了抗冷热疲劳性能的测试。通过对堆焊材料试棒裂纹断口的宏观、微观形貌的观察，发现裂纹的生长以沿晶生长，穿晶为辅，属于典型的热疲劳裂纹；通过扫描电镜对两类材质夹杂物的观察，分析了夹杂物对两堆焊金属的冷热疲劳性能的影响；通过 Uddeholm 标准图
4、谱评定了上述两种堆焊金属的热疲劳裂纹的级别。 计算机模拟计算方面，应用 ANSYS 分析软件，证实了冷热疲劳实验所取得结论的准确性。 在现场工业应用时，通过对国产模块、进口模块、两种实验模块生产 3 万吨、15 万吨、20 万吨过钢量后模块工作面形貌的观察、对比后，证实了应用两种实验堆焊焊条可以有效地提高定宽压力机模块的使用寿命。同时，与进口模块相比，其相对低廉的价格又有效地降低了模块的备件成本。 关键词：关键词：定宽压力机模块，表面堆焊，冷热疲劳，ANSYS 上海交通大学硕士学位论文 第 III 页 Research and manufacturing and application of
5、the multitype-anvil in slab sizing press ABSTRACT Sizing press, which contributes to improvement of the level of the incorporation of casting and rolling, was one of the technologies in adjusting casting slabs width on the rolling product line. Because of the working condition of the slab sizing pre
6、ss (ssp) anvil, the number of cracks on the working surface of ssp anvils was large, which had been regarded as the potential danger to their service lifetime and the steel rolling industry. For the high price of imported anvils and the limited service lifetime of the domestic ones, in this thesis,
7、the way of strypped-down and self-research and development would be adopted. With isolated studies in the lab, the computer simulating and field tests, the method of surfacing welding had initially been used domestically in order to increase the service lifetime and lower the cost of the anvils. In
8、the aspect of strypped-down, Fe-based build-up welding rod in the slab sizing press had been investigated using the mechanical properties, high temperature hardness and anti-impact testing and the microstructure observation of the overlay. It showed that the mechanical property, hardness and anti-im
9、pact property of the anvil were superior to those without using this build-up welding rod; In the top of the overlay, tempered sorbite, pro-eutectoid ferrite, and spherical carbide had been observed; in the bottom, tempered martensite and sorbite had been observed, respectively. In the aspect of sel
10、f-research and development, a kind of Ni-based super alloy build-up welding rod had been used to improve the service lifetime of 上海交通大学硕士学位论文 第 IV 页 the anvil in the slab sizing press. The mechanical properties, high temperature hardness, the microstructure observation of the overlay and the macrost
11、ructure and the anti-impact property of the samples had been investigated. The results indicated that in the Ni-based surfacing welding layer, there were sheets of , which were regarded as the main strengthening phase of super alloys; the carbide of dispersion in the Ni-based surfacing welding layer
12、 played a positive role of improving the hardness of the Ni-based surfacing welding layer, which, at the mean time, owned ruptures of “quasi-cleavagedimple”. Comparison of thermal fatigue analysis between the two kind of surface welding rods- Fe-based and Ni-base rod-applying to slab sizing press an
13、vil had been made with help of the thermal fatigue test-bed researched and developed by Baosteel.Co, Ltd. The results told us that their cracking characterized as cracks along grain boundaries mainly, while a few of them were transcrystalline cracks; according to the investigation to the foreign imp
14、urity by SEM, comparison between the two kind of surface welding rods mentioned above had been completed; The ranking of the specimens with two kinds of surface welding rod had been assessed according to Uddeholm Criterion Map. With the help of the simulating software ANSYS, the verification of the
15、results of thermal fatigue had been made. Comparison about the condition of the working surfaces of the two kinds of anvils with Fe-based and Ni-based surface welding layer, the imported ones and the domestic ones were to made when the anvils had finished sizing 30,000, 150,000, 200,000 ton of slabs
16、, respectively. It could be concluded that comparing to domestic anvils, the anvils used experimental surfacing welding rods obtained a longer service lifetime, and the cost had been sharply cut down, by contrast to the imported anvils. Keywords: slab sizing press anvil, surfacing welding, thermal fatigue, ANSYS 上海交通大学硕士学位论文 第 III 页 上海交通大学 学位论文版权使用授权书 本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、 使用学位论文的规定，同意学校保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权上海交通大学可以将
