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1、BIOSECURITY 生物安全生物安全 More important than everMore important than ever 比以往任何时候都重要比以往任何时候都重要 Algis Martinez, DVM, ACPV Diplomate Objectives of Health Programs 鸡群健康程序的目标 Promoting and maintaining good health 促进及维持良好的健康状况 Enhance the quality and safety of the poultry products 提高活禽产品的品质与安全 Improve the im
2、age of poultry products 提升活禽产品的形象 Disease 疾病疾病 Prod. Type 产品类型产品类型 Cost ($) 成本成本 Reference 备注备注 Reovirus 呼肠孤病毒 Broiler Breeders 肉种鸡 6.89/bird Dobson &Glisson 1992 LP AI 低致病性禽流感 Egg layers 蛋鸡 Breeders种鸡 Turkeys火鸡 1.67/bird 2.94/bird 5.05/bird Davison et al. 1999 HP AI 高致病性禽流感 Chickens 6.06/bird (Feds
3、) 19/bird (industry) Lasley 1986 Reynnells et al. 1987 MG 支原体 Egg layers 蛋鸡 Breeders种鸡 1.72/bird 1.95/bird Johnson 1983 UK Antec Interl 2004 Mycoplasma 支原体支原体 支原体支原体 Exotic Newcastle 新城疫新城疫 H5N1 Health Status can make the difference between Success & Failure 健康状况决定成败 “ Knowledge of how the agent is
4、transmitted facilitates preventive action to interrupt the cycle of transmission and eliminate the disease” (H. Graham Purchase, AAAP 1995) 掌握病原体的传播途径可以帮助我们选择合 适的预防措施，阻断传播路径，消除疾病。 FLYWAYS 传播途径传播途径 Live Bird Market 毛鸡市场 INSECTS 昆虫 Mosquitoes transmit fowlpox 蚊子传播鸡痘 Fowl ticks may transmit Pasteurella
5、 spp. 鸡蜱可能传播巴氏杆菌 Litter beetles: MDV, Salmonella, E. coli, Campylobacter 垫料拟步虫： 粘膜病病毒，沙门氏居，大肠杆菌，弯曲杆菌 FEED 饲料 Salmonella spp, Clostridium spp. 沙门氏菌，梭菌 Mycotoxins 霉菌毒素 HATCHERY CONTAMINATION 孵化场污染 Aspergillus spores 黄曲霉孢子 Transmission 传播 WILD BIRDS 野鸟野鸟 Mycoplasma 支原体支原体 HELMINTHS 寄生虫寄生虫 Earthworms 蚯蚓
6、蚯蚓 Transport eggs of Heterakis gallinarum 运输鸡异刺线虫虫卵运输鸡异刺线虫虫卵 Transmission 传播 AI May Be Spread By Wild Birds Transmit Salmonella, Pasteurella, Yersinia, Leptospira 传播沙门氏菌，巴氏杆菌， 耶尔森氏菌和钩端螺旋体 Can excrete 230,000 S. enteritidis in each fecal pellet 其排泄的每一粒粪便中有230，000个肠炎沙门菌 Can defecate more than 100 pell
7、ets a day 每天可以排泄100粒粪便 After cleaning: remain infected for at least 10 months 即使清理干净，其粪便仍会持续影响至少10个月 Cats are not advisable for rodent control because of the potential for disease transmission 不建议养猫灭鼠，因为猫可能传播其他疾病 RODENTS 老鼠 Location. 鸡场选址 AI May Be Spread By Other Animals PEOPLE 人员人员 The biggest ris
8、k factor 最大的风险 High number of farm employees with chickens at home 多数鸡场员工自己家里也养鸡 We have ignored for years 忽视多年 It is by far the most common via of disease transmission 目前为止最为常见的疾病转播途径 More people coming into the house, higher risk 进入鸡舍的人员越多，风险越高 Easy to blame the neighbors 容易找借口，指责邻居 We must control what we can control 必须控制我们力所能及的 Showers will not do the job when highly contaminated 污染高的情况下，即使淋浴出入也于事无补 Bio-security is about People not about Infrastructure 生物安全是关于人的控制而非针对基础设施 Dont rely on showers only 近依靠淋浴是不够的。 PEOPLE 人员 Bio-security will ALWAYS make the difference 生物安全-助你领跑活禽养殖行业
