《基于单片机的剩余电流保护器的研制》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《基于单片机的剩余电流保护器的研制（81页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、华中科技大学硕士学位论文基于MSP430单片机的剩余电流保护器的研制姓名：黄海煜申请学位级别：硕士专业：电工理论与新技术指导教师：李开成20070609华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 I摘 要 随着我国经济的高速发展，整个社会的用电量迅速增长，在用电过程中，由于电气设备本身的缺陷、使用不当和安全技术措施不力而造成的人身触电和火灾事故，给人民的生命和财产带来了不应有的损失。而剩余电流保护器的出现，对预防各类事故的发生，及时切断电源，保护设备和人身的安全，提供了可靠而有效的技术手段。 首先，文章介绍了目前剩余电流保护器的发展现状，分析了目前我国剩余电流保护技术中存在的各种问题。提出
2、将单片机技术应用于剩余电流保护器的设计当中，以提高其智能化水平，满足用户的多种需要。文章中介绍的剩余电流保护器能够实时监测当前剩余电流值的大小，可以根据电网运行水平自动切换动作电流档位，保护动作时具有反时限功能，具有理想的延时特性，并具有重合闸功能，能适应各种复杂的农村电网和多变的气候环境，能够同时保证用电安全与供电的可靠性。 其次，文章对剩余电流保护器的总体方案进行了选择。第一种方案是基于硬件控制和软件控制相结合的设计方案，但该设计方案在动作的可靠性等方面暴露出来许多问题。第二种方案是全数字式的设计方案。该设计方案采用了新型的 MSP430 超低功耗的混合信号控制器 MSP430F149，保
3、护的动作基本上不依赖于硬件的控制，而是充分利用微控制器自身所具备的功能，通过软件的控制来实现所要求的各种功能与技术指标。 再次，文章详细阐述了基于全数字式方案的剩余电流保护器的设计原理和实现方法。在硬件方面，文章首先简要介绍了硬件系统的构成，它主要由 MSP430F149 单片机、系统供电电源模块、LED数码显示电路、信号调理电路、继电器控制电路、状态显示电路以及延时选择电路等部分组成，接着文章对每一部分的电路设计及其设计方法进行了详细的论述。在软件方面，基于模块化的设计思想，将整个程序的设计按照其所完成的功能划分为系统初始化、数据采集、数据处理、 LED 数码显示、档位切换、动作逻辑和定时器
4、中断这七大模块。在文章中分别对这七大模块的程序流程设计及其功能实现进行了详细说明。 最后，文章对整个研制过程进行了一个总结，并指出了仍然存在的不足之处。 关键词：剩余电流 保护器 数字式 MSP430F149 模块化 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 IIAbstract With the rapid development of our economy, the electric consumption of our society has a rapid growth. Because of the defects of electrical equipment, the u
5、nsuitable use and the ineffective security measures, person may get an electric shock or a fire accident may happen in the process of consuming electricity. It will bring the undue losses of people s life and property. The residual current operated protective device can provide reliable and effectiv
6、e techniques to prevent all kinds of accidents. It can cut off the power supply promptly and protect the equipment and personal security from harm. Firstly, a brief introduction of the development of the residual current operated protective device is given, including the problems in the technology o
7、f the residual current protection that we are in face with. The technology of single- chip microcontroller will be used in residual current operated protective device for the design, in order to improve its intelligence. It can meet the diverse needs of users. The residual current operated protectiv
8、e device which is introduced in this paper can detect the real- time residual current value and the residual current operating value can be switched automatically according to the present condition of the power system. When the protection is occurred, the residual current operated protective device
9、possesses the inverse time lag function, ideal time delay and the automatic reclosing function. So all kinds of complicated rural grid and climatic condition can be adapted by the residual current operated protective device, and the safety and the reliability of the power supply can be ensured. Seco
10、ndly, a design scheme is selected in the paper. The first design scheme is based on combining the hardware controlling with the software controlling. This design scheme does not have ideal operation reliability in the protection and has some other problems. The second design scheme is digital design
11、 scheme. The single- chip microcontroller MSP430F149 which is a kind of ultra low- power mixed signal micro- controller is employed as the main controller in the new scheme. Basically, the operation is not dependent on the control of the hardware, but makes full use of the functions which micro- con
12、troller itself has. Most of the required functions and specifications are achieved by the control of the software. Then the residual current operated protective device based on the digital design scheme is divided into hardware design section and software design section to expound the design princip
13、le and implementation in detail. In the hardware section, the paper introduces the whole hardware system briefly at first, which includes MSP430F149 microcontroller, 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 IIIsystem power module, LED display module, signal regulation module, relay control circuit, status display ci
14、rcuit and delay time option circuit. For each part, the circuit design and the design method are described in detail. In the software section, according to the modularization design theory and the achieved functions, the whole software design is divided into seven parts, such as the system initializ
15、ation, data acquisition, data processing, LED display, operation value, operation logic and time interruption. For each part, the flow chart of the software program design and the function realization are expounded in detail. Finally the whole development process is summarized and the further improv
16、ement is presented. Keywords: residual current protective device digital MSP430F149 modularization 独创性声明 本人声明所呈交的学位论文是我个人在导师的指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。近我所知，除文中已标明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。 对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 学位论文作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日 学位论文版权使用授权书 本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，即：学校有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版， 允许论文被查阅和借阅。 本人授权华中科技大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。 保 密，在_年解密后适用本授权数。 本论文属于 不保密。 （请在以上方框内打“” ）
