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1、 华华 中中 科科 技技 大大 学学 硕硕 士士 学学 位位 论论 文文 I摘摘 要要 在维权意识普遍化的现代社会，消费者因经营者选择权问题引起的纠纷越来越多，纠纷不仅会使消费者精神受到伤害，也会影响到经营者正常的营业活动，不利于社会的安定。因此，在商品经济迅速发展的今天，明确消费者选择权和经营者选择权的边界以及协调二者之间的权利冲突无疑是迫切需要解决的问题。 本文透过一个典型案例对经营者的选择权进行了深入分析，认为经营者应当享有属于自主经营权范畴的选择权。但是同时也要意识到，经营者的社会地位决定了他肩负重要的社会职责，因此，经营者的选择权应当受到一定条件的限制，尤其是在一些特殊的领域，存在着
2、经营者与消费者经济实力与谈判能力相差悬殊的事实，如果不对经营者的选择权加以限制，将会使消费者的合法利益受到损害，不利于市场秩序的和谐与稳定。总而言之，只有对经营者和消费者各自的权利义务进行正确的定性和定位，才能形成和谐有序的交易秩序，促进市场经济的法制建设。 本文由“华星影城禁止自带食品饮料案”的讨论和分析展开研究，从理论、立法和实务三方面对经营者选择权的正当性进行分析，并对限制经营者选择权的制度和方式进行了探讨，以期对相关法律制度的完善和适用提供一些建议。全文分为四大部分： 第一章通过对上述案例的简述提出了经营者与消费者之间存在关于选择权冲突的现象。由于各个领域关于经营者选择权的法律性质和法
3、律适用问题存在争议，因此针对经营者和消费者二者之间的权利义务关系提出了问题。 第二章分别从理论、立法和实务三方面对经营者选择权的正当性进行了详细的讨论。理论上，主要从权利冲突和权利配置以及消费者选择权边界的角度来讨论二者之间选择权的关系。立法上，通过概览国内外法律对经营者选择权的规定，进一步思考和明确相关法律的解释。实务中，通过对法院的判决意见进行分析，揭示经营者选择权正当性的来源。 第三章对经营者实现选择权的方式进行了讨论。目前看来，经营者主要是通过华华 中中 科科 技技 大大 学学 硕硕 士士 学学 位位 论论 文文 II格式条款和行业规范来实现其选择权。通过分析格式条款和行业规范存在之合
4、理性对其加以认可，同时也要注意防范由于权利滥用导致的问题。 第四章对限制经营者选择权的问题进行了讨论。为了体现实质正义，一方面，应当在特定领域适用强制缔约制度，另一方面，应当合理规范经营者行使选择权的方式，据此对相关制度的完善提出建议。 关键词：关键词：经营者 消费者 选择权 消费关系 格式条款 行业规范 华华 中中 科科 技技 大大 学学 硕硕 士士 学学 位位 论论 文文 IIIAbstract In this modern society , where right consciousness has been popularized , the disputes of consumer
5、s caused by operators optional right is becoming more and more. These disputes not only lead to consumers metal damage, but also have a great impact on the normal operation of business, which is not good for social stability. Thus, in the era of rapid development of commodity economy, there is no de
6、nying that identifying the boundary and balancing the right conflict between consumers optional right and operators optional right has became the top agenda. According to the typical cases, this article has a deep analysis on the operators optional right, and come up with the idea that the operators
7、 are entitled to have the right of independent management category. But in the meantime, this article is also aware that the social status of the operators determines their social responsibilities that should be borne. Therefore, the operators optional right should be restricted by some concern cond
8、itions, especially in some special fields, there exist the fact that the huge gap between operators and consumers economic strength and negotiation capability. If there were no restriction on operators optional right, it would lead to the damages of consumers legitimate interests and go against the
9、harmony and stability of market order. In conclusion, only correctly specifying the operators and consumers rights and obligations respectively, can the orderly and harmonious transaction order being built, and promote the legal system building of market economy as well. This article develops the st
10、udy through the discussion and analysis “forbidding Self- brought food and beverage in Huaxing cinema center”. It conducts the analysis of operators optional right legitimacy through three aspects: theory, legislation and practice. It also has a discussion on the systems and ways of restricting oper
11、ators optional right, in order to provide some advices on the improvement and application of relative legal system. 华华 中中 科科 技技 大大 学学 硕硕 士士 学学 位位 论论 文文 IVThis article is mainly consisting of four parts: Chapter one points out the phenomenon of conflict on optional right between operators and consume
12、rs based on the studied judge case brief introduction. As there is a controversy on operators optional right legal nature and application in different fields, it put forward the question of how to balance the rights and obligations for both operators and consumers. Chapter Two has a detailed discuss
13、ion on operators optional right legitimacy through three aspects: theory, legislation and practice. In theory, it discussed the optional right between the two from the standpoint of right conflicts, right configuration and consumer optional right boundary. In legislation, it further check and specif
14、y the explanation of relative laws by looking up the provision on optional rights in both domestic and international laws. In terms of practice, it proclaims the source of operators optional right legitimacy by analyzing the court decisions. Chapter Three has a discussion on operators optional right
15、 patterns. At the moment, it seems that the operators are realizing their optional right by standard clauses and industry regulations. By analyzing the rationality of standard clauses and industry regulations, it points out that we should agree and also guard against the problems arise from right ab
16、use. Chapter Four has a discussion on operators optional right. In order to reflect justice, on the one hand, we should apply compulsory contracting system in some certain fields. On the other hand, we should reasonably stipulate the conditions of operators optional right, and accordingly provide some advices on the improvement of relative systems. Key words: operators，consumers，optional right，consuming relations, the standard clauses，industry regulations 独创性声明独创性声明 本人声明所呈
