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1、 西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 公租房全寿命周期成本管理研究 专 业：工程经济与管理 研究生：李雅婷 导 师：李芊副教授 摘要 进入 21 世纪以来，我国居民收入水平差距逐渐增大，同时因廉租房、棚户区改造等保障性住房项目覆盖面过窄，且大中城市商品房住宅价格上涨速度过快等原因,使新就业职工为代表的中低收入群体出现住房难题。自 2010 年以来，国家大力推行公租房建设，逐年加大对公租房建设投入。但是公租房建设仍面临建设资金不足、缺乏合适建设用地和配租标准不清等问题，因此对公租房全寿命周期成本构成的分析与控制对提高公租房建设水平和效率具有重要意义。 本文从公租房定位和公租房自身特点入手，运用全寿命周
2、期理论，首先对公租房全寿命周期成本构成进行了分析，提出了公租房全寿命周期成本应由公租房的资金成本、社会成本和环境成本构成，重点研究了公租房全寿命周期成本的确定思路和方法。其次以公租房全寿命周期内不同阶段的工作内容为出发点，对公租房全寿命周期各个阶段成本控制问题进行了较为深入的分析，公租房决策阶段应合理定位，设计阶段选用优良设计方案，施工阶段在工期合理前提下按时保质完成施工任务避免工程变更，运营阶段制订合理运营管理制度。第三，以西安一公租房项目为例，对其全寿命周期成本进行了估算，并对其成本控制进行了针对性分析，验证了本文理论研究的可行性。最后在理论和实证研究的基础上，针对影响公租房全寿命周期成本
3、因素提出了成本控制建议。 通过研究，本文得出的主要结论包括：公租房具有双重性，政府主导性，适用对象特定性和长期性的特征。公租房全寿命周期成本具有多主体、多阶段性、复杂性和系统性特点。利用全寿命周期成本理论，公租房的全寿命周期成本可由资金成本、环境成本和社会成本三类构成。从政府提高公租房建设效率的需要出发，应对公租房项目全寿命周期成本进行系统、全面的估算。在合理估算公租房全寿命周期成本基础上，结合公租房全寿命周期各阶段建设与管理的工作内容，西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 公租房全寿命周期各阶段具有不同的成本控制重点。基于公租房全寿命周期成本控制管理工作的核心是合理规划公租房寿命年限和定位公租房，且
4、需要完备的公租房运营准入和退出机制，公租房建设形势应趋向于小区小型化，户型小型化，积极引导居民住宅实用意识。 关键字关键字：全寿命周期； 成本管理；公租房 西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 A Research on the life-cycle of Public Rent-housing project cost and management Specialty:Engineering Economics and Management Name:Yating LI Instructor: Associate Prof. Qian LI Abstract Since 21st century,b
5、ecause of our residents income gap increasing, the narrow coverage of the project of low-rent-housing and renovating shantytowns,and the prices of real estate rising fast in several cities,the low and middle-income group have housing problems. Since 2010,the government vigorously promote the constru
6、ction of public rent-housing and increase investment in the public rent-housing. But the construction of public rent-housing is still facing the shortage of fund, lack of suitable construction land and the unclear standard of public rent-housing.So there is a great significance to improve its constr
7、uction level and efficience of though analyzing and controlling based on the life-cycle cost theory. The research start form the public rent-housing position fixing and characteristics at the same time use the life-cycle theory to analyze the cost structure. The life-cycle cost of public rent-housin
8、g include capital cost,social cost and environmental cost. And the research focus on the ideas and methods of the life-cycle cost of public rent-housing. The work content of the different stages of the life-cycle of public rent-housing is chew upon and meanwhile the life-cycle cost control in its va
9、rious phases. The government should make a reasonable position in its decision-making phase,select the excellent design in its design phase, complete the construction tasks on time in its construction phase and set up a reasonable operation and management system in its operational phase. Then take t
10、he project of public rent-housing in Xian for instance, its life-cycle cost is estimated and analyzed its cost control work. The cost control factors of are analyzed based on theoretical and empirical research. Though research, the main conclusion of this paper include several aspects. First the cha
11、racteristics of public rent-housing include dual nature, government-led, 西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 object-specific and long term. Second its features of life-cycle cost is multiagents, multistages,complexity and systemic. Its life cycle cost consists capital cost, environment cost and social cost. The life-cyc
12、le cost should be estimated in order to its investment efficiency. And its cost work have different points in life-cycle of public rent-housing in its various stages. The core of its cost management and control include service life-time planing,position fixing and complete operation mechanism. In th
13、e end ,the construction form of public rent-housing tend to small subdistricts and housing-type. The government should actively guid inhabitants practical awareness of public rent-housing. Keywords: the full life cycle ,life-cycle cost and management ,public-rent housing 西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 I 目 录 1 1 绪论绪论 . 1 1 1.1 论文的研究背景 . 1 1.2 论文研究的目的和意义 . 1 1.2.1 研究的目的 . 1 1.2.2 研究的意义 . 2 1.3 国内外建设项目全寿命周期成本管理理论研究综述 . 3 1.3.1 国外研究现状 . 3 1.3.2 国内研究现状 . 4 1.4 研究方案 . 5 1.4.1 研究内容 . 5 1.4.2 研究方法和技术路线 . 6 1.4.3 论文创新之处 . 7 1.5 本章小结 . 8 2 2 全寿命周期理论及文献综述全寿命周期理论及文献综述 . 9 9 2.1 工程造价与管
