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1、 国内图书分类号： V448.2 学校代码： 10213 国际图书分类号：629 密级：公开 理学硕士学位论文 运载火箭快速响应技术发展研究 硕 士 研 究 生：赵丽娜 导师：崔乃刚教授 申请学位：理学硕士 学 科 、 专 业：科学技术史 所在单位：航天工程系 答辩日期：2013 年 7 月 授 予 学 位 单 位：哈尔滨工业大学 Classified Index: TK311 U.D.C.: 536.5 Dissertation for the Master Degree in Engineering RESEARCH ON THE DEVELOPMEMT OF LAUNCH VEHICLE
2、 QUICK RESONSE TECHONOLGY Candidate： zhaolina Supervisor： Prof. Cui Naigang Academic Degree Applied for： Master of Science Speciality： History of Science and techonolgyUnit： Dept. of Astronautics EngineeringDate of Defence： July, 2013 Degree-Conferring-Institution：Harbin Institute of Technology 哈尔滨工
3、业大学理学硕士学位论文 -.I.- 摘摘 要要 快速空间响应（Operationally responsiveness Space,ORS）概念是由美国提出的，旨在空间或者通过空间迅速、准确、果断、低成本的投送、部署以及运行空间军事物质，为作战人员提供实时或准实时的作战支持。为实现短时间的快速响应，在发展运载火箭本身技术的同时，提高地面发射场系统的整体运行效率，将会在很大程度上缩短发射周期，提高发射效率，减少人力财力物力的冗余。 本文以快速空间响应为研究背景，展开了对运载火箭快速响应技术的研究，主要研究内容包括以下几个方面： 首先，对快速空间响应的概念和发展状况展开调研与分析，给出了快速空间响
4、应发展的三个阶段及其包含的内容。接着从国外小型、中大型的角度介绍了快速响应运载火箭的发展现状和技术研究现状。 其次，根据建设运载火箭快速响应的要求，利用系统工程法对快速响应运载火箭的技术要素进行分析，主要侧重于运载火箭的发射模式、发射流程、发射场特征及任务流程、发射设施、测试技术以及 SpaceX 公司的运营管理模式等。然后利用对比分析的方法总结出了不同发射模式的优缺点。归纳了快速响应发射场未来的发展，同时优化了 CZ-3A 的“一平两垂”发射流程。通过对运载火箭快速响应的关键要素的分析总结，为进一步的研究提供了理论依据。 再次，阐述快速响应技术发展的驱动因素，以米诺陶和猎鹰两种运载火箭为研究
5、案例，深化开展了对国外快速响应运载火箭的研究，阐述了两种运载火箭的发展历程和自身特点， 然后对其他具有快速响应特点的主要运载火箭进行了介绍，并综合分析了它们实现快速响应发射的共性，进而归纳总结了快速响应发射技术的特征。 最后，根据我国运载火箭及技术的发展现状，找出我国在建设快速响应发射中所遇到的困难，并通过对国外快速响应要素的分析、快速响应具备的特征，得出我国运载火箭快速响应的启示，从而提出我国建设快速响应构想。 关键词：运载火箭；快速响应；发射模式；发射流程 哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文 -.II.- Abstract The concept of Operationally Respon
6、siveness Space, ORS proposed by the United States. It means that quickly, accurately and decisively delivery and deploy the military space assets to the space. At the same time the ORS must meet the low cost requirements. So it can respond to Joint Force Commanders Needs. In order to cut down the re
7、sponse time, the launch vehicles capabilities need to improve, as well as the launch complex overall operation efficiency should pay more attention. The launch vehicles turn around time will be cut down and the launch efficiency will get improvement. The staffs, funds and property could be utilized
8、properly. This paper whose background is Operationally Responsiveness Space ORS does research on launch vehicle quick response technology. The major research contents are as follows: First, the concept and development situation of Operationally responsiveness Space is researched，three phases of Oper
9、ationally responsiveness Space development and their contents is given, and then the development situation and technology research situation of the rapid response launch vehicle is presented from the perspective of foreign small and medium. The research work of this paper is conducted by using syste
10、m engineering method, case analysis, and comparative analysis method. According to the requirements that launch vehicle meet rapid response, the technical factors of the rapid response launch vehicle is analyzed which mainly focus on the launch mode, launch process, launch site characteristics, task
11、 process, launch facilities and testing technique and SpaceXs operating management mode. The advantages and disadvantages of different launch modes and the development of the rapid response to the launch site in the future and management mechanism of quick response system should have are analyzed an
12、d summarized, and the CZ - 3 A “a flat two vertical” launch process is optimized. The theoretical basis for further research is provided through the analysis of the key elements for the rapid response launch vehicle. The driving factors of quick response technology is stated, With Minotaur and falco
13、n case study of two kinds of carrier rocket, studies of foreign fast response carrier 哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文 -.III.- rocket is conducted deeply, two rocket development course and characteristics is stated, and then others have fast response characteristics of the main launch vehicle are introduced, and the
14、 launch of the commonness is analyzed, the characteristics of rapid response to launch technology is summarized According to the technology development present situation of launch vehicle in our country, find out our country encountered difficulties in building fast-response launch, and through the
15、analysis of the foreign rapid response elements, characteristics of with fast response, gain some enlightenment on Chinas launch vehicle rapid response, and thus put forward our country building rapid response. Keywords: launch vehicle, quick response, launch mode, launch flow 哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文 目录目录 摘 要.I Abstract.II 目录.IV 第 1 章 绪论.
