高考英语语法考前复习课件-特殊句式

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1、倒装句有以下六大考点: (1)含有否定意义的副词放在句首引起的部分倒装(2)含有否定意义的连接词置于句首引起的部分倒装 (3) “so( nor, neither)+助动词 + 主语”与“so(nor, neither)+主语+助动词”之 间的区别以及与“ so + 主语+ 助动词”的句式区别 (4)省略if的虚拟条件 句以had / were / should开头引起的部分倒装 (5)not until 置于句首引 起后面句子的部分倒装 (6)only 短语置于句首引起的部分倒装 o(2010重庆卷 ,33)At the meeting place of the Yangtz e River

2、 and the Jialing River_, o ne of the ten largest cities in China. A.lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. d oes lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing l ie 【答案】A 【解析】考查倒装。表示方位 的地点状语提前,句子完全倒装,所以选A 项。o(2010高考英语陕西卷 ,17)John opened the door. There _ h e had never seen before. A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood

3、C. did a girl stand D. stooda girl 【答案】D 【解析】考查倒装。表示存在关 系的句子,将表地点的副词或介词短语提至句首时 ,若主语为名词,应采用完全倒装语序。此题中将 表地点的副词there提到了句首,而且主语为名 词a girl,所以要采用完全倒装语序,所以选D项。o【2009山东卷】 So sudden _ that the enemy ha d no time to escape. A did the attack Bthe attack did C was the attack D the attack was 【答案】C 【解析】考查 倒装句。在s

4、o.that;such.that的句子 中,如果so,such和其修饰的词放在句首, 句子要倒装。结构为so/such被修饰动词 谓语主语。sudden是形容词,作表语 ,故C项正确。十、特殊句式(2013江西卷) 25. Only when he apologizes for his rudenes s _to him again. A. I will speak. B. will I speak. C. do I speak. D. I speak. 答案: B.考查倒装句。 【句意】只有当他为他的粗鲁道 歉的时候,我才会再跟他说话。 本题的第一个关键词是 only。当only放在句首,修

5、饰副词、介词短语或状语从 句时,主句用部分倒装。第二个关键点是when引导的时 间状语从句,有“主将从现”的用法,本题中从句用的是一 般现在时,因此主句用一般将来时。o(2013福建卷)34.Not until he went through real hardship _the love we have for our families is important.o A. had he realized B. did he realize o C. he realized D. he had realized o答案:B。本题考查倒装结构。o【句意】直到他经历了真正的艰难之后才意识到我们对

6、家庭的爱是很重要的。含有否定意义的副词、连词或短 语放在句首时,要用部分倒装结构。由he went through real hardship可知动作已经发生,与现在 的动作没有关系,用一般过去式,所以B正确。D选项 的意思是先认识后经历,不符合本文所表达的意思。 o(2013湖南卷)35Not once _ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.oAoccurred it Bit did occur oCit occurred Ddid it occuro【拓展】表示否定意义的词 never, s

7、eldom, hardly, scarcely, barely, rarely,little, not, nowhere, by no means, at no time, neither,nor等放在 句首时,句子常用部分倒装。o(2013辽宁卷)26. At no time _ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.o A. they actually broke o B. do they actually breako C. did they actually break o D. they had actually br

8、okeno本题考查动词时态和倒装用法。o当否定词或具有否定含义的短语置于句首时,句子要用 部分倒装。at no time意为“绝不,在任何时候都不” ,置于句首用部分倒装,故排除A,D。再根据已知时 态was,可知讲的是过去的情况,所以选择C。“绝不”: by no means, in no way,on no condition o(2013上海卷)39. Among the crises that face humans _ the lack of natural resources.oA. isB. are C. is thereD. are thereo【句意】自然资源的缺乏是人类面临

9、的危机之一。o根据介词短语不可以做主语的原则,可判断出这是一个 倒装句,主语为the lack of natural resources, 中心词为lack,所以用单数的is。这是典型的“主系表” 倒装为“表系主”,介词短语among the crises that face humans做表语。o【拓展】表语位于句首时,其倒装结构为“ 表语连系动词主语”。如:oPresent at the meeting were some scientists from China.o许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。oGone will be the days when we work hard for

10、English.o我们努力学习英语的日子即将一去不复返了 。倒 装1.以there,here引导的句子,要全部倒装,谓语的数要采用就近原则确定。铃响了。 车来了。特别提示:主语的数采用就近原则确定。2.表动态的状语置于句首时,句子要全部倒装。 马跑了。老师进来了。There goes the bell.Here comes the bus.Off went the horse.In came the teacher.3.表地点的词语置于句首或强调地点概念时,谓语动词常用be,stand,sit,lie等,句子全部倒装。On the table were some flowers.桌子上有一些花

11、。 In the classroom sat some guys thirsty for knowledge.教室里坐着一群渴望知识的孩子。注意:在完全倒装的句子中,当句子的主语为代词时,句子不倒装, 如:Here it is./Away they went. 5.在not only.but also.,no sooner.than.,hardly.when.,scarcely.when.,not until.,so.that.,such.that. 句型中,主句用部倒装,从句不倒装。6.only放在句首修饰状语时要部分倒装。o(2009重庆)Unsatisfied _ with the pa

12、yment, he took the job just to get some work experience.oA. though was he oB. though he was oC. he was though oD. was he though【拓展】表语、程度副词或动词原形 +as/though+主语+其他时,句子要倒装。Hero as he is, he still has shortcomings.尽管他是一个英雄,但是他也有缺点。 Much as I like it, Ill not buy it.尽管我很喜欢它,但我不会买。Pretty as she is, she is

13、not proud.尽管她很漂亮,但她一点也不自负。Try as he would, he might fail again.尽管他还会试,但可能还会失败。o(2013天津卷)11. It was not until near the end of the letter _ she mentioned her own plan.oA. that B. whereoC. why D. wheno【句意】直到在这封信的末尾他才提到自己的计划 。o强调句的基本机构:It is/was+被强调部分 +that/who+句子的其他部分,本句中强调的是 时间状语从句所以用that。本题个别考生易误解成 定

14、语从句。o(2013全国卷)10. It was only after he had read the papers _ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.oA when B. thatoC. which D. whato本题考查强调句型。o【句意】Gross先生读了这些报告之后才意识到,他 面前的这个任务非常难完成。o “It is/was + 被强调部分 + that 从句”是一个固 定的句式,当被强调的部分是物时,连词只能用that, 因此锁定正确答案。o(2013重庆卷)

15、27. It was with the help of the local guide _ the mountain climber was rescued.oA. who B. thatC. whenD. howo本题考查强调句型。o【句意】在当地导游的帮助下,登山者才得以获救。oIt is/was+被强调部分+that/who(m)是固定的 强调句型,被强调的部分无论是人是物,都可以用that ;被强调部分如果是人,可以用who或者whom。本 句中被强调的部分并不是the local guide,而是介词 短语“with the help of the local guide”,所以 不能用who,而必须用that。o【小窍门】强调句型的关键是要弄清被强调部分是谁, 尤其是本题中的local guide离连词太近,很容易被误 认为是被强调部分,这样就可能导致选择错误的连词。强调句型中应注

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