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1、分词V-ing分词概述（一）一 作主语 Nodding the head means agreement, while shaking it means disagreement. Using body language in a correct way will help communicate with people and make the stay in a foreign country easy and comfortable. 二 作宾语 Would you mind giving a talk today about DNA? If the population keeps g
2、rowing so quickly, there will only be standing room left for us next century. 三 作表语 The real problem is getting all the materials ready before the end of this month. Children are afraid of the stone figures in the temple which look so frightening. 四 作介词宾语 However, most of the time, people from the t
3、wo countries dont have any difficulty in understanding each other. He took along some of his pictures in the hope of getting a job there. 五 作宾语补足语 It could be very interesting to watch an Arab and an Englishman talking together. Then I left him standing by the counter so happy that I almost envied h
4、im.Notes1V-ing分词在句中做主语或宾语时，可以带自己的逻辑主语。 例如： There are many reasons for animals dying out, but the most important one is the part that humans have played. 2. V-ing 分词的否定式由not或never+V-ing构成。 例如： He was disappointed about not being able to take part in the competition. 3V-ing 分词有体和语态的变化形式。 e.g. In many
5、countries with sea coasts, human waste is piped directly into the sea without being treated.（一般被动式） I apologize for being so angry with you.-I apologize for having been so angry with you（完成主动式） 4某些动词或只能用分词作宾语。常见的有：mind, escape, miss, practise, suggest, consider, keep, avoid, risk, finish, imagine, d
6、islike, delay etc.Exercises Complete the following sentences, using the words given in V-ing form and try to tell the function of each. encourage, joke, barbecue, leave, live, become, cook, declare, forbid, get 1. _ a tip in a restaurant has become a custom in most countries. 2. The new programme of
7、 research-oriented study is aimed at _ students to raise problems and then to solve them on their own. 3. To most, _ food over a smoky fire has become a thing of the past. However, _ remains popular in America. 4. When Spaniards arrive in Arizona, they found many Indian tribes _ along the river bank
8、s and in the mountains. 5. Britney Spears, Pop Princess, is on her way to _ one of the hottest pop stars in the world. 6. A man in South Africa is likely to face up to 25 years in jail for _ that he was carrying a bomb on an airline flight. 7.Church authorities were surprised at Galileos _ that the
9、earth moved around the sun. 8. I cant understand their _ to go to the concert given by the Backstreet Boys. 9. Cases of anthrax have caused worldwide fear. What people are doing now is _ letters containing white powder before opening them.Leaving encouragingcooking barbecuingliving becomingjoking de
10、claringbeing forbiddengettingExercisesFill in the following blanks with the right verb forms. A favourite amusement in space is _(play) with ones food. Instead of _ (carry) food all the way to their mouths, some experienced astronauts like _(throw) food from spoons. Although _(drink) coffee seems li
11、ke the most natural thing on earth, in space it wont _(work). If you tried _(trip) the cup back to take a drink, the weightless coffee would not _(roll) out. If you dont start _ (drink) your blob with a straw, it will attach itself to the nearest wall or window.playing carryingthrowing/ to throw dri
12、nking work tripping roll drinking/to drinkV-ing分词概述（二）一 作名词的前置修饰语When they reached the burning building, they found that their ladders were not long enough to reach the people who were trapped 二 作名词的后置修饰语Einstein was able to prove that light coming from the stars was bent as it passed the Sun.(comin
13、g from the stars 相当于定语从句 which comes from the stars.) 三 作状语 1 Walking slowly across the grass, he pointed the pipe at the lion and fired.（V-ing 分词短语表示时间，其逻辑主语是he；walking的动作与谓语动 词的动作同时发生，相当于While/When(he was )walking slowly across the grass ） 2 Dr Manette, having been kept a prisoner in the Bastile,
14、Paris s most important prison, for many years, had recently been set free. (V-ing分词短 语在句中作时间状语，用的是完成被动式，意思相当于After Dr Manette had been kept for many years .)3The poor of the cities and the peasants in the country, having lived such a hard life for so long, took up their guns and knifes and began to
15、kill the rich nobles. (V-ing分词短语表示原因，其完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前， 其逻辑主语是the poor of the cities and the peasants in the country，与句子 主语一致。)4 The fish have very sharp teeth; they can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only the bones. (分词短语作结果状语，其逻辑主语是the fish，与句 子主语一致。)5 The sperm whale therefore has to look for the squid, using sound waves. (V-ing分词短语表示行为方式；using与句子谓语动词has to look for同时发 生。)6 Piles of stones lie in a corner of the courtyard, waiting to be replaced. (V- ing分词短语表示与谓语动词lie同时发生的伴随动作；其逻辑主语是piles of stones，与句子的主语一
