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1、太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 II摘 要 水体富营养化是现在我国面临的一大棘手的环境问题， 如今我国各大中城市 80%以上河流湖泊都有不同程度的富营养现象，并且有范围扩大、程度加深的趋势。水体富营养化极大的危害人们的生活和生产，并造成了巨大的经济损失。 1956 年正式开建的晋阳湖是我国建国以来开挖最大的内陆人工湖，也是太原市最大的湖泊，位于太原市区西南方向的晋源区，湖面约 5.26平方公里，占太原市湖泊面积的 76%。晋阳湖主要作为太原第一热电厂工业用水水源储水和锅炉冷却用水， 同时又是太原市主要水产养殖基地和城市备用水源地。近年来，随着工农业的发展，由于不合理开发、灭绝性捕捞、无序养殖等
2、原因，晋阳湖生态环境遭到严重破环，湖体富营养过程加剧，清水美景早已成为过去，代之而来映入眼帘的不是黄汤黑水就是浮萍杂物，并呈恶化之势。2007 年，太原市环保局监测数据显示，晋阳湖水质为劣五类，属重度污染。 晋阳湖水体质量状况直接关系到附近居民的居住环境以及太原市居民的健康，以致影响太原市经济发展战略目标的实现。鉴于晋阳湖对于太原市工农业生产和人民生活的重要性， 现已被列为国家城市综合整治定量考核点位。 所以保护和改善晋阳湖水质，治理富营养化，实施晋阳湖生态修复已迫在眉睫。 目前，利用水生植物净化水质是一种成本低廉，节约能源、效益较高的简便易行方法，是国内外正在广泛应用的净化水质生物处理措施。
3、对晋太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 III阳湖拟采用阿科蔓生态基、 人工生态浮床、 芦苇香蒲湿地来进行综合治理。尽早恢复湖水清澈、鹭鸟成群、鱼儿欢跃的优美环境。 本文对晋阳湖污染湖水分别运用阿科蔓生态基、人工生态浮床、芦苇香蒲湿地进行中试试验，观察不同方法对氮磷污染物净化效果的影响规律。通过试验数据相关性分析，观察了各种方法对晋阳湖污染湖水的处理效果。 通过对晋阳湖的湖水调查分析与试验研究得出，人工湿地技术、生态浮床和阿科蔓生态基技术均具有很好的水质净化效果， 采用这三种方法治理晋阳湖是可行且有效的。但是我们也要清醒地认识到，水体富营养化治理是一项长期的大工程，因为非生物环境的改变需要数年，而
4、生态环境的恢复还需要更长的时间，不可能在短期内就看到消除富营养的效果，必须长期治理、 长期监控。 而且目前的富营养化治理措施仍处在不断探索当中，有些治理措施在短时间看不出明显效果；有些治理措施虽然目前成效显著，但治理效果的稳定性仍有待时间的检验；有些治理措施还停留在理论水平。 我国在富营养化治理方面投入了大量的精力和财力， 如滇池的治理，但富营养化问题仍未解决，有些地方还有恶化倾向。所以目前晋阳湖富营养化的防治措施要在控源的基础上，加强监测，进一步对水生植物及湿地生态系统对水质的净化能力及原理进行研究，从生态观点进行综合防治。 关键词关键词 富营养化湖泊，晋阳湖，湿地，浮床，阿科蔓生态基 太原
5、理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 IVEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON THE REMOVAL OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS IN JINYANG LAKE WITH THREE ECOLOGICAL METHODS ABSTRACT Water eutrophication is a very awkward environmental problem. Nowadays, more than 80% lakes in large and medium sized cities around China, more or less, facing the e
6、utrophication problem that has a tendency with lager range and deeper degree.Water eutrophication endangered peoples life and products, and resulted in enormous economic loss. Jinyang Lake is the largest inland artificial lake since our countrys founding, as well as the largest lake in Taiyuan city,
7、 locates in the Jinyuan district, southwest of Taiyuan city, Jinyang Lake is 5.26 square kilometers large, and it accounts for 76% of all the lakes area in Taiyuan. Jinyang Lake supplies for the Taiyuan NO.1 thermoelectric plant as the resource of industrial water and water for boiler and cooling, w
8、hile it is also the resource of the main aquaculture base and city reserve. In recent years, along with the development of industry and agriculture, Jinyang lake ecological environment had been destroyed seriously, and water eutrophication had aggravated, as a result of rational exploitation, eradic
9、ated catching and random cultivation. Beautiful and limpid water has already become the past, the generation coming of spring eye is not 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 Vonly the yellow sewage but also the floating bottle and debris, and showed a tendency to deteriorate. In 2007, the data monitored by Environmental
10、 Protection Agency of Taiyuan city showed that Jinyang Lakes water quality had fallen into with the high levels of pollution. Jinyang Lakes water quality situation has direct relation to the living condition and health of resident in Taiyuan city, even has an influence in the economic development st
11、rategy target. Due to the importance of Jinyang Lake, it has been listed as comprehensive realignment of urban environment system. Its the very time to take measures to protect and improve the water quality, control water eutrophication, and restore Jinyang Lakes ecology. At the present, taking use
12、of hydrophyte has been used widely around the world as a biological treatment measure to purify water, because of its advantages, such as low cost, energy conservation and good benefits. The thesis completed the mid-term experience, including Aquamats, artificial ecological floating beds and reed we
13、tlands, and observed the influence discipline of purified influence to main pollutions with the different methods. According to the relative analysis of dates, the experience got the effect of different methods. Through the researches and tests on Jinyang lake water, we can see that constructed wetl
14、ands, ecological floating floor and Aquamats had been proved as a good way to purify water, and those three kinds of ways 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 VIare available and effective .However, we should find out that control of water eutrophication is a long-term project, because restoration of ecological environm
15、ent needs longer period, not as the change of biotic environment. Removing the effects of eutrophication wont be found out in short time, it must be controlled and observed in long time. Moreover, control treatments in eutrophication are still in research ,and some measures wont have obvious influen
16、ces in short time; meanwhile, although some measures have showed obvious influences , stability of final results need long time inspection while some measures are still in theoretical level Our country has input greats of energy and financial resource, such as the control of Lake Dian ,but problem of water eutrophication hasnt been solved, even some areas are getting on the trend of worsening. As a result, the treatments on water eutrophication of Jinyang lake must improve the Moni
